Bronchial asthma, or asthma for short, is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that involves a variety of cells and cellular components. This chronic inflammation makes the airways much more reactive to external stimuli and is called airway hyperresponsiveness. If a person has symptoms of chest tightness, wheezing or coughing after exposure to pollen, irritating odors, cold air or after exercise or cold, which occur repeatedly and can be relieved on their own, asthma should be considered as a possibility, at which time they should go to a hospital and have a clear diagnosis made by a professional physician in combination with clinical manifestations and pulmonary function tests. If the diagnosis of asthma is confirmed, it should be understood that although there is still no special method to cure asthma, it is completely possible to control asthma and reduce asthma attacks through long-term, appropriate and adequate systematic treatment. The inhalation therapy currently advocated has no significant side effects compared to the previous systemic application methods of oral or intravenous administration. If asthma is not treated in a timely manner, irreversible narrowing of the airway can occur with the prolongation of the disease. Therefore, asthma should not be avoided and should be treated promptly and systematically. First, every effort should be made to find the trigger for the asthma attack, but it is usually difficult to identify. Skin allergen testing can help identify the allergen that triggers an asthma attack, but the skin allergen detected by this method may not be the allergen that triggers the asthma, and it is still necessary to see if the patient’s exposure to the allergen triggers an asthma attack. If the allergen can be identified and can be removed, this is the most effective way to prevent and treat asthma. The drugs for asthma are divided into two categories: one category is called bronchodilators, which are mainly used to relieve asthma attacks by relaxing the bronchial tubes, commonly known as “treating the surface”; the other category is anti-inflammatory drugs, which are mainly used to treat chronic airway inflammation and control asthma attacks, i.e. “treating the root cause”. The other group of anti-inflammatory drugs is mainly used to treat chronic airway inflammation and control asthma attacks, i.e. “treat the root cause”. Bronchodilators include: 1. β2-adrenoceptor agonists: the best drugs to relieve asthma attacks and prevent exercise asthma. Bronchodilators agonizing β2-adrenergic receptors can relax the spastic bronchial smooth muscle and make the bronchial tubes dilate. Previous β2-adrenoceptor agonists worked within minutes but were maintained for only 4 to 6 hours, such as Ventolin Quantitative Aerosol. Newer long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonists such as Oxytocin can work for up to 10 to 12 hours. Bronchodilators are highly effective when administered orally, by injection, or by inhalation. Inhalation therapy allows the drug to reach the airway directly, so the effect is rapid and the systemic side effects are mild, but the patient needs to cooperate with the inhalation, and the drug cannot enter the airway when there is severe airway obstruction. Bronchodilators can also dilate obstructed airways when given orally or by injection, but are more likely to cause side effects and have a slower onset of action, and are only used for severe asthma when inhalation is not effective or in patients who cannot cooperate. When asthma patients need much higher than the recommended dose of β2-adrenoceptor agonists, you should consult your physician, which means that the degree of the disease is aggravated at this time, and overuse of such drugs can cause death due to its cardiovascular adverse effects. 2, anticholinergic drugs: such as ipratropium bromide (trade name such as love full of music), can block acetylcholine caused by bronchial smooth muscle contraction and mucus hypersecretion, and β2-adrenoceptor agonists can be used in combination, its adverse reactions are less. 3, theophylline class: such as aminophylline, asthma, etc. Since the therapeutic and toxic doses of theophylline are very close to each other, it is best to monitor the concentration of theophylline in the blood when using the drugs, and not to increase the dose arbitrarily, and many drugs can increase the blood concentration of theophylline when applied simultaneously with theophylline, so the physician should be consulted when combining drugs. For patients with mild to moderate asthma, oral extended-release theophylline is recommended, with fewer adverse effects. For patients with severe attacks, theophylline can be used intravenously. Anti-inflammatory drugs include: 1. Glucocorticoids: they are the most effective drugs for controlling asthma attacks. And hormone inhalation therapy is the most common method recommended for long-term anti-inflammatory control of asthma. Inhalation method of hormone application has few systemic side effects and can be used for a long period of time, and note that rinsing the mouth with water after inhalation can reduce oral residues. Oral or intravenous application of hormones have more systemic adverse reactions, and are used for moderate to severe asthma attacks, and are changed to inhalation for long-term maintenance after symptom relief. 2. Other anti-inflammatory drugs leukotriene modulators, sodium cromoglycate and ketotifol have certain auxiliary effects. Asthma attack should be relieved as soon as possible airway obstruction, asthma patients always have a bronchodilator that can work quickly is very necessary, such as can not be controlled should be promptly to the hospital. The nature of asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition and a reasonable long-term treatment plan is very important in the absence of a cure at present. An individualized plan should be developed together under the guidance of a physician, graded according to the degree of the condition. It should then be adhered to rather than arbitrarily changed. Patients should learn to monitor changes in their condition using peak flow velocity meters and keep an asthma diary, which can be of great use in developing and adjusting treatment plans. Peak flow velocity should be measured with attention to daytime and nighttime changes and the rate of improvement in peak flow velocity before and after medication. In the long-term treatment of asthma, it is very necessary to master the correct inhalation technique of the drug. Three, quantitative nebulizer inhaler four-step method: 1, shake the inhaler 2, exhale until no more gas can be exhaled, put the inhaler into the mouth 3, start a slow, deep inhalation, at the beginning of inhalation, release the drug by adding pressure to the top of the inhaler, continue to inhale until the lungs are fully expanded 4, hold your breath for as long as possible for more than 10 seconds, then exhale slowly, and repeat the next time after at least 1 minute The correct inhalation technique can only Ensure the effectiveness of the drug and increase the patient’s compliance. If the patient is unable to achieve coordination of movements when applying a quantitative nebulizer inhaler, a nebulizer canister can be added or a dry powder inhaler can be used instead.