The kidneys are located on both sides of the spine, one on each side, and the body projection of the renal gate is at the angle between the lateral edge of the erector spinae muscle and the 12th rib. The kidneys have the functions of excreting metabolites, regulating water, electrolytes and acid-base balance. The kidneys are located on both sides of the spine, one on each side, resembling fava beans, and the surface projection of the renal hilum is at the angle between the lateral edge of the erector spinae muscle and the 12th rib. Between the lower edge of the 11th thoracic vertebra and the intervertebral disc of the 2nd~3rd lumbar vertebra is the location of the left kidney, and between the upper edge of the 12th thoracic vertebra and the upper edge of the 3rd lumbar vertebra is the location of the right kidney. The physiological functions of the kidneys mainly include excretion of metabolites, regulation of water, electrolytes and acid-base balance, as well as maintenance of the stability of the body’s internal environment and endocrine function. Abnormalities in the location of the kidneys can lead to free kidney, renal prolapse, etc. It is necessary to go to the hospital in time for medical consultation, and follow the doctor’s instructions after clarifying the cause of the disease.