Many patients have experience with gastrointestinal surgery, and some of them feel that everything is back to normal after the surgery. There was a case of an old man in a rural area who carried a hoe to work in the mountains again 2 weeks after the total gastrectomy. So, what are the effects of gastrointestinal surgery on us? First of all, the surgery that affects us the least is the partial small bowel resection. Why? Because the human small intestine has a huge reserve, and the amount of small intestine removed is within 1 meter, so it will not affect the function of the intestine, and the small intestine surgery does not remove the stomach, so the volume and function of the stomach is not affected. One month after the surgery, the gastrointestinal function was basically back to normal. The impact of small intestine surgery on the human body is more reflected in the postoperative adhesions. At present, postoperative adhesions cannot be completely avoided in surgery. It can be said that postoperative adhesions are inevitable, but adhesions are not terrible. Only in a few cases, adhesions can cause discomfort, mainly in the form of paroxysmal abdominal pain, poor defecation and exhaustion, and in serious cases, even bloating and stopping defecation and exhaustion. In these cases, it is important to seek timely medical attention, and it is recommended to seek emergency help from the nearest hospital. The impact of gastric surgery varies depending on the type of surgery performed. The one with the least impact is the gastric wedge resection, and a significant proportion of patients with gastric mesenchymal tumors undergo the aforementioned procedure. This procedure has little impact on the volume of the stomach, causes no major changes to either the entrance or exit of the stomach, and essentially does not result in major changes to the function of the gastrointestinal tract. This is because the volume of the stomach becomes smaller, and the human body will slowly adapt to it in six months to a year. Due to the removal of the distal pylorus, food is easily refluxed into the stomach, and at the same time, the surgery removes part of the nerves that innervate the stomach, so the peristaltic function of the stomach will be weakened, and the feeling of fullness is relatively obvious after food enters the stomach. The solution is 4 words: eat less and eat more. The main problem is that the esophageal reflux is obvious and can cause more serious postprandial pain and burning sensation behind the sternum. The reason for this is simple: the surgery removes the door at the gastroesophageal junction: the sphincter of the esophagogastric junction. By the same token, the above symptoms can also occur after total gastrectomy, but since there is no stomach, the return of intestinal fluid without stomach acid will be relatively mild. If the aforementioned symptoms occur, they can be treated by taking acid-suppressing drugs, adding gastrointestinal motility drugs, eating fewer meals (there is another four-letter word), eating more dry food, less liquid and semi-liquid, and less sweets, etc. In the case of colon or rectal surgery, the main change brought about is the change in bowel function, which can occur alternately with constipation and diarrhea. It is recommended to adjust with medication as little as possible and to use pharmacological interventions only if the stool resolves watery stools more than three times a day or if there is no bowel movement for 3-5 days. See a hospital emergency room promptly if you develop blood in the stool or if you resolve tarry stools or if you experience anal cessation of defecation and exhaustion.