Diabetes is also a classic psychosomatic disease.

      This patient was a 56-year-old woman who came to me for a consultation. Upon entering, she strongly requested to be hospitalized. She was in pain and said, “I can’t take it anymore! Please, doctor, admit me to the hospital! Am I going to be paralyzed, why do I feel so bad?” “Take it easy, take a breath, sit down and talk slowly.” As I went through her medical records, I asked her, “What’s wrong now?” “Pain in the limbs, weakness, numbness, heartbeat, chest tightness, irritability, stiff neck, body aches and pains, and constant sweating. It’s been four years!”  I took further medical history and asked her what she had had before. From her self-report, I learned that 10 years ago, she had a pink tumor in her right armpit, which was infected and drained by incision, and the medication was changed for one month, at which time she discovered hypertension and diabetes. Seven years ago, she had pain in her limbs and felt a swelling in her saber, so she went to the orthopedic department. He was diagnosed as “periostitis of the gladiolus” and improved after taking medication; soon afterwards, he went to the Department of Otolaryngology for a month due to sore throat and foreign body sensation in the pharynx, and was diagnosed as “chronic pharyngitis” and took medication; in the same year, he went to the Department of Internal Medicine for paroxysmal palpitations and chest tightness, and was diagnosed as “5 years ago, he went to the neurology department for “dizziness for 5 days with rotating vision”, the examination was normal, and the diagnosis was “transient cerebral blood supply deficiency”; 4 years ago, he started “4 years ago, he went to orthopedics and rheumatology for “numbness and twitching in both hands and lower limbs for 1 month and weakness in walking”, and his blood sedimentation, autoimmunity and rheumatoid factor were normal. Diagnosis: “cerebral arteriosclerosis, peripheral neuritis, diabetes mellitus”. She was on and off medication.  I asked her, “Why did you get worse recently? Have you been nervous, tired, anxious or angry?”  ”I’m not tired, but I’m not less anxious!”  ”What is it that makes you so anxious?”  ”Oh, don’t mention it! They say that the stock market makes a lot of money, and I believe it. I believed it and threw all my money into it! 350,000, I’m not anxious? I was so anxious that I had no place to go. All day long, I was dizzy, my heart was pounding, my chest was tight, I had insomnia, my neck, shoulders and back were stiff, and my limbs ached. I wonder if I’m going to get cerebral thrombosis or paralysis. Doctor, please admit me to the hospital quickly. If I get paralyzed, my family will be ruined!”  I stabilized her emotions, examined her in detail, and then examined the MRI film, and found no signs or imaging changes of cerebral infarction. I had a good idea. I said to her, “Don’t worry, don’t be afraid. I can assure you that you do not have cerebral thrombosis now. The symptoms you are experiencing now are the manifestation of nervous disorder, which is related to your anxiety, and is called psychophysiological reaction. It’s brought on by autonomic dysfunction and anxiety.”  She said, “Really? This heart disease is so powerful?”  ”Yes! Serious do not want to live it! Of course, it also has something to do with one’s personality. You must be a person with a quick temper, quick to do things, a person who wants to do everything well, a person who is quick and easy.”  She said, “That’s right, I have to be good at everything I do. This time it’s over. I have the idea of dying, it is better to live than to die! You say, this TV station also become the price of fooling, saying how this stock market ‘bull’! I’ve only saved this much in my life, and I’ve made a big mistake! I’ve thrown it all away. What’s the point of living?”  I comforted her, “You are a strong person, you are not living for yourself. You still have your children and grandchildren. Look how filial your children are, (I pointed to the children who came with her) they all came with you to see the doctor. You have to live well for them, don’t let them be distracted. Money is earned by people, as long as there are people around, any amount of money can be earned. But when you fall ill, your children will be anxious and your work will be affected, and you will be giving them trouble.” (Her children also said: “Money is gone, how much money can you spend? We’ll feed and drink you well.)  She looked relieved: “Hey, this is what’s bothering me, I’m not at peace.”  I then said to her, “Then you should listen to me. Don’t worry, you don’t have cerebral thrombosis. As long as you take your medicine, you will get better.”  ”That’s great!” She was happy.  This 56-year-old patient was not simply diabetic and had insufficient blood supply to the brain. I gave her a psychological assessment of her current state of anxiety and depression, and her symptoms improved significantly with the appropriate treatment. Diabetes is also a very typical psychosomatic disease. Psychological factors play an important role in its occurrence, development, outcome and prognosis. Bad emotions may lead to diabetes. The human emotion is mainly regulated by the limbic system of the brain, which also regulates the function of the endocrine and autonomic nervous systems, and psychological factors can affect insulin secretion through the limbic system and autonomic nerves. When a person is in a stressful state such as tension, anxiety, fear or fright, the sympathetic nerves become excited and inhibit insulin secretion. At the same time, sympathetic nerves also act on the adrenal medulla to increase the secretion of adrenaline, which indirectly inhibits the secretion and release of insulin and leads to diabetes. Diabetes also has specific psychological characteristics: in the early stage of the disease, the patient is in doubt and denial, cannot accept having diabetes, refuses to change the diet and does not accept the treatment; once diagnosed and must control the diet, the patient feels deprived of the right and freedom of life, angry, disappointed and helpless, venting some inexplicable “nameless fire”; because Once diagnosed, patients feel deprived of their right to life and freedom, angry, disappointed and helpless, venting some inexplicable “nameless anger”; more anxious because it is difficult to cure in a short period of time; and feel guilty because of the financial cost of long-term treatment, thinking that they have become a burden; and even anorexia and suicide.  This is a case of social factors. Different characteristics of the times bring different psychological effects to people, especially in the current era where opportunities and challenges abound, people are subject to various impacts and collisions. Due to improper thinking and behavior, for example: middle-aged and elderly people are bent on making big money to speculate in stocks. Mental imbalance is more common and intense than ever. Therefore, the times prompt us medical workers to treat the symptoms in an integrated and three-dimensional mode. In the treatment of both separate categories, but also inclusive and integrated. The treatment should be targeted, rather than sweeping the snow in front of each door.  Also remind: the following conditions are not all diabetes.  1. Stress hyperglycemia. Arises from acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, severe burns, infectious shock, etc., the incidence of 50%; 2, hyperthyroidism diabetes . Excessive thyroxine, increased gastrointestinal absorption of sugar, increased excitability of sympathetic nervous system leading to reduced insulin secretion, increased hepatic glucose production, reduced tissue absorption of glucose and increased glycogen secretion; 3. Liver damage in hepatic diabetes mellitus. Decreased liver reserve postprandial hyperglycemia; 4. Acute pancreatitis causing transient hyperglycemia. Islet damage, antibody stress response, excessive release of glucagon; 5. Endocrine tumors. Growth hormone tumor, pheochromocytoma, glucagon tumor, growth inhibitor tumor, multiple endocrine tumor syndrome, etc.; 6, drug hyperglycemia. Such as diuretics, adrenomimetic alpha, ß1, ß2 receptor agonists, ßreceptor blockers, prednisone, anti-inflammatory pain, tricyclic antidepressants, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, ashwagandha phenytoin sodium, anticancer drugs, female contraceptives, calcium antagonist amlodipine. Hyperglycemia damages blood vessel walls, renal tract cells, retinal cells and nerve fibers and islet ß cells through free radicals, which makes cellular immune function decline and predisposes to ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar coma, severe infections, gangrene of limbs, retinopathy, acute cataracts, peripheral neuropathy, etc.  Then, there is the problem of urine glucose. A normal person excretes 3.2-9.3mg of glucose from the urine per day, if 150mg of urine sugar per day (+) is called glycosuria. There are various reasons for positive urine sugar: tonic diabetes, excessive sugar intake beyond the renal threshold; renal diabetes, low renal tubular absorption and low renal threshold; neurological diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, tumors, skull fractures, trauma, anesthesia, etc., there is a temporary high sugar; pregnancy diabetes, extracellular fluid volume increases, inhibiting renal tubular absorption. Late pregnancy or lactation mammary gland produces excessive lactose, excreting lactose with urine, identified with glucose; starvation glycosuria, isletß cell semi-rest state, secretion of insulin is reduced, in addition to increased secretion of growth hormone, reduced glucose tolerance, also promote blood glucose elevation, glycosuria; urinary sugar false positive, other sugars in urine, galactose, lactose, fructose, pentose, or application of large amounts of penicillin; urinary sugar false negative Various reducing substances VC, etc.  Hypoglycemia problems. Postprandial hypoglycemia, also called reactive hypoglycemia, is predominant in female patients, with low age, episodes of panic, sweating, weakness and “involuntary feeling”. The symptoms mostly occur 2-4 hours after the meal. Such patients usually have varying degrees of sleep disturbance, emotional irritability, nervousness, bloating, constipation, and insulin sensitivity of the pancreas. People’s blood sugar tends to increase after meals, stimulating the pancreas to produce more insulin, which in turn causes blood sugar to drop and produces a series of uncomfortable manifestations. Blood sugar is low at the time of attack, but it is more difficult to capture the true blood sugar level at the time of attack. According to our experience, in case of women aged 20-40, palpitations, sweating and weakness, lasting for half to one hour, will be relieved immediately by eating sweet food; discomfort symptoms appear 2-4 hours after meals; hypoglycemic reaction is rarely seen instead of eating; general health is not affected; no family history of diabetes. The main treatment for this symptom is diet and autonomic dysfunction.  The drugs that can cause hypoglycemia are: anti-infective drugs sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, penicillin, quinolones, anti-tuberculosis drugs, tetracycline, flavopiridol, imidazole antifungal drugs, pautaxone, aspirin, paracetamol.  In conclusion, blood sugar is closely related to neurological, endocrine and psychological. When encountering such problems, it is recommended to consider them in a comprehensive manner and treat them through a holistic psychosomatic assessment.