Compared to malignant tumors of the liver, benign end-stage liver disease has a very good postoperative outcome with liver transplantation. Current research has also shown that after liver transplantation, many cirrhotic patients can survive for more than five years, and some of them can even survive for ten, twenty or even thirty years. Liver transplantation for end-stage cirrhosis patients is only the first step, after the surgery, they should also insist on long-term oral anti-rejection drugs, regular review of blood levels, and actively deal with possible complications or comorbidities, so as to prolong the survival time as much as possible after the surgery. There are also some patients with end-stage cirrhosis who have undergone liver transplantation, but due to postoperative infections, bleeding, and rejection reactions, which may also cause early postoperative death, but it is relatively rare. Overall, for lethal, progressive, and irreversible cirrhosis, liver transplantation is the only modality that can prolong survival with good therapeutic outcomes when other treatment options have failed.