1, low back pain The degree of low back pain is determined by the onset of lumbar disc herniation. Acute onset is sudden, symptoms are heavy, and the lumbar spinal muscles can produce significant spasm tension. In chronic cases, the onset is slow and the pain symptoms are mild, and the symptoms gradually worsen over time. Sciatica Sciatica is a representative symptom of lumbar disc herniation, and the degree of sciatica is determined by the nerve root compression. The area of pain response can be based on the site of herniation, with herniation of lumbar 3~4, radiating pain descending through the front of the thigh to the inside of the calf to the front of the foot. For lumbar 4 ~ 5 prominence, the radiating pain goes through the posterior thigh, N fossa and lateral calf to the surface of the foot. Lumbar 5 and sacral 1 protrusion with radiating pain through the posterior aspect of the thigh to the N fossa and the posterior aspect of the calf to the plantar aspect of the foot. The sciatic nerve pain pattern manifests as a knife-like burning pain, and the pain during the acute attack may prevent the patient from sleeping peacefully. The duration of pain is related to the degree of compression. Generally, the symptoms can be gradually relieved after 3 ~ 4 weeks, but a few patients can last for several months. Intermittent claudication Intermittent claudication is a representative reaction of nerve root compression, which shows pain and weakness of the lower limbs when walking and relieves the symptoms after squatting. This means that the nerve roots are stretched in the state of compression when walking, and after squatting, the nerve roots are relaxed due to the change of position, and the nerve movement stretches in compression are rested, so the pain symptoms are reduced accordingly. Therefore, patients with lumbar disc herniation often maintain a lateral lower limb flexion position when resting in bed. 4, muscle innervation disorder When the herniated tissue produces serious compression on the nerve root, muscle innervation disorder occurs. Weakness of thumb extension and plantar flexion and extension muscles may occur. 5.Sensory numbness of the skin of the lower extremities 4~5 prominently manifests on the lateral side of the calf, the dorsal side of the foot and bunion, and the lumbar 5 and sacral 1 prominently manifests on the posterior side of the calf and the sole of the foot. 6, lower lumbar cauda equina symptoms. The central type disc protrusion of lumbar 5 and sacral 1, the huge protrusion can compress the cauda equina nerve and cause compression injury to the cauda equina nerve, resulting in distension and pain in the anal area, numbness in the perineum, difficulty in urination, loss of control of urination and defecation in severe cases, and impotence in male patients.