Patients with bilateral emphysema are relatively severe because bilateral emphysema leads to a continuous decline in the function of both lungs and is an irreversible chronic lung disease. The alveolar elastic retraction force of both lungs is in a state of decline, which predisposes to a large increase in residual air volume and can lead to progressively worsening expiratory dyspnea. Usually the pressure in the alveoli increases, which easily leads to the appearance of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and shortness of breath. Over time, bilateral emphysema becomes more and more serious, which will trigger type II respiratory failure, manifesting as hypoxemia, accompanied by hypercapnia, and will cause the continuous appearance of pulmonary hypertension, and finally trigger right heart failure, leading to chronic pulmonary heart disease.