The mechanism of thyroid action is to bind to receptors to form hormone receptor complexes, induce gene transcription processes, and have a negative feedback regulation mechanism. Excessive hormone secretion will in turn inhibit the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to reduce hormone secretion, which can promote metabolism, accelerate the transformation of substances, generate heat, etc., and maintain normal body temperature. It can promote physical and intellectual development, and has obvious effects on the nervous system, skeleton and reproductive system. It can increase the excitability of the nervous system, especially the sympathetic nervous system, so that the body’s activity can be maintained in a certain range. These hormones play a very important role in children and young people during growth and development. If there are significant developmental abnormalities, it is important to check whether too much or too little of these hormones are secreted, and to ensure normal development through manual intervention. In adulthood, imbalance in the secretion of these hormones can seriously affect life and work, and requires timely monitoring and treatment.