The 21st World Cancer Congress, organized by the International Union Against Cancer, was held for the first time in China on August 18, 2010, with 3,000 participants from 94 countries and regions worldwide. Over the past 30 years, the cancer mortality rate in China has increased by 80%, resulting in 1.8 million deaths per year. The theme of the 21st World Cancer Congress is “Preventing Preventable Diseases, Treating Treatable Patients, and Making it Happen Through Systems”. According to the data released by the International Union Against Cancer (IUC), the 113th Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Department of Medical Oncology, Wen Bingji, in 2008, 12.7 million people worldwide suffered from cancer and 7.6 million died. The number of deaths due to cancer worldwide is more than AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis combined. If effective measures are not taken, it is expected that by 2030, there will be 26 million new cancer cases and 17 million cancer deaths each year, and low- and middle-income countries will be the “hardest hit” by cancer. 80% of patients miss the best time for treatment The International Union Against Cancer (IUC) released the survey report “The Status of Access to Cancer Treatment in Low- and Middle-Income Countries DD An Important Part of Global Cancer Control”, which points out that more than half of cancer patients currently live in low- and middle-income countries, and this figure will rise to 70% by 2030. The report notes that survival rates for cancer patients and what treatments they can receive are often highly dependent on the country or region in which the patient lives. In all low- and middle-income countries, patients lack access to treatments to improve cancer survival, including chemotherapy, surgery and oncology drugs. As many as 80% of cancer patients in low- and middle-income countries miss out on the best treatment due to varying degrees of lack of cancer prevention knowledge and medical services, resulting in late diagnosis and treatment. New treatment options and medical devices that can significantly reduce cancer mortality in high-income countries are not available in low- and middle-income countries due to high prices. By 2050, cancer deaths in low- and middle-income countries are expected to account for 3/4 of all cancer deaths worldwide. The current cancer spectrum in China already combines the epidemiological characteristics of cancers in both developing and developed countries, with lung, liver, stomach, esophagus and colorectal cancers, being the five most common cancer killers. The mortality rate of cancer patients in rural areas is significantly higher than that in urban areas, while the high incidence of cancer is mostly concentrated in western and rural areas. If cancer is detected early and diagnosed early, most patients obtain radical cure. However, most of the patients seen in clinic are not early stage cancer. Early stage cancer often has no special symptoms or even no disease. Therefore, patients will not take the initiative to go to the hospital for examination, and once the state is obvious, it is often too late. In fact, some symptoms and signs may be related to early stage cancer, which can be called “early signs” or “warnings”. In addition to the government’s attention and medical personnel’s screening, early detection of cancer also depends on patients’ vigilance and learning to self-examine and self-discovery.