Emphysema is generally not contagious to others, and the causes of emphysema are related to factors such as cigarettes, atmospheric pollution, and obstructive bronchial ventilation dysfunction. Emphysema is a decrease in airway elasticity in the distal part of the respiratory fine bronchi of the lungs, including the respiratory fine bronchioles, alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts, and alveoli, which can be characterized by persistent abnormal excess air content and hyperinflation. Emphysema is not contagious and there is no need for undue concern. The causes of emphysema are mainly related to cigarettes, atmospheric pollution, respiratory infections, bronchial obstructive ventilatory dysfunction, imbalance of elastase as well as its inhibitors, occupational dust, and long-term inhalation of harmful gases. Once a patient is diagnosed with emphysema, he or she should go to a regular hospital and actively cooperate with the doctor to take relevant therapeutic measures in order to avoid delaying the condition.