1.What is “incisional hernia”? “Incisional hernia” is caused by the fascial layer deep in the surgical incision which is cracked or not healed, and it can be regarded as late incisional crack or deep incisional crack with surface healing. As the skin and subcutaneous fat layer on the incision surface have healed and the fascial layer has split, the internal organs or tissues herniate outward under intra-abdominal pressure, and the hernia sac may be formed gradually from the healed peritoneum or after the peritoneum has split. “Incisional hernia” is a common complication of abdominal surgery, with an incidence of 2% to 11%. According to the size of the hernia ring, incisional hernia of the abdominal wall can be divided into 3 types: giant: >10 cm in diameter; medium: 5-10 cm in diameter; small: <5 cm in diameter. 2.Why "incisional hernia" occurs after surgery There are many factors affecting the healing of abdominal wall incision after surgery, such as advanced age, postoperative malnutrition, diabetes, obesity, long-term use of steroid hormones, etc.; chronic cough and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease resulting in postoperative abdominal distension and increased intra-abdominal pressure; postoperative hematoma at the incision site, infection and improper closure of the incision during surgery. These causes can lead to the occurrence of "incisional hernia", such as improper closure of incision suture. 3.How to treat "incisional hernia" Since most of the "incisional hernia" has no peritoneum, intra-abdominal organs and tissues are easy to adhere to the hernia wall, so patients often have hidden abdominal pain, discomfort or intestinal obstruction due to heavy adhesion. If a large incisional hernia is left untreated for a long time, the hernia sac may become larger and larger, and the skin of the hernia sac may become eroded or even rupture. "Incisional hernias not only affect the patient's quality of life, but also the patient's healing process after surgical treatment. What is more dangerous is that after the surgical repair of the "incisional hernia" of the abdominal wall, the original protruding abdominal organs and tissues are sent back into the abdominal cavity, increasing the intra-abdominal pressure and limiting the movement of the diaphragm, which can cause respiratory insufficiency or even death. Because the abdominal wall is also an important organ of the human body, when it becomes dysfunctional, complications will increase and the risk of surgery will increase, so the treatment of "incisional hernia" should be diagnosed and treated early. Patients with incisional hernia often have at least one history of abdominal surgery, and some have even experienced several failed abdominal wall repairs and have some fear of open surgery, so laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery is the current treatment for incisional hernia. Therefore, laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery is currently the best choice for the treatment of incisional hernia, and it is psychologically easier to accept minimally invasive surgery with less damage, less pain, no bleeding, and fewer complications such as infection. More importantly, laparoscopic surgery can also detect and repair hidden "incisional hernias" that are difficult to detect with conventional open surgery, and at the same time, the postoperative complication rate is significantly lower than that of conventional open surgery. Therefore, "incisional hernia" is a complex disease and the treatment is never uniform, and each patient should be given an individualized treatment plan according to his or her specific condition in order to obtain the best results. In recent years, experts in hernia surgery have proposed a "hybrid technique" combining open surgery and laparoscopic techniques, which not only solves the problem of the appearance of the abdominal wall after repair, but also closes the defect exactly and fixes the patch more "ironically", which is the current trend in the repair of giant incisional hernias. This is the current trend of development of giant incisional hernia repair.