Inguinal Hernia: Abdominal viscera protruding in the groin through a defect in the abdominal wall is called an inguinal hernia, which is the most common extra-abdominal hernia and can be divided into two types: inguinal hernia and inguinal hernia. Inguinal hernias are congenital and acquired. Congenital patients often have developmental defects in the tissues, while acquired ones are often due to increased intra-abdominal pressure or weakness of the abdominal, pelvic and diaphragmatic walls (including muscle paralysis, loss of dense connective tissue, and abnormal collagen metabolism). The basic symptom is a reproducible mass in the inguinal region, which is usually uncomfortable and is only occasionally accompanied by localized distension and tenderness. With the development of the disease, the mass can gradually increase in size, from the groin down to the scrotum or labia majora, walking inconvenience and affect labor. A straight hernia is usually painless and uncomfortable. The hernia appears immediately when standing and disappears when lying down. Most hernias are elective, but in cases of incarcerated hernias, emergency surgery is required. Otherwise, there is a risk of strangulation of the hernia contents, necrosis (mostly of the bowel) and a life-threatening condition. There are many surgical procedures for hernia, which can be categorized into three types: high ligation, hernia repair and hernioplasty. The common surgical principles are removal of the hernia sac, high ligation or suturing of the hernia sac stump, and closure and reinforcement of localized tissue defects or weak areas. Most of them are elective surgeries. However, incarcerated hernias require urgent surgery to prevent necrosis of the hernia contents and to relieve the accompanying bowel obstruction, and strangulated hernias, in which the contents have become necrotic, require even more surgery. Postoperative prognosis is generally good. However, any increase in intra-abdominal pressure such as chronic cough, dysuria, constipation, ascites, pregnancy, etc. should be dealt with before surgery, otherwise, surgical treatment is prone to recurrence.