Treatment for end-stage renal failure, or end-stage renal disease, is primarily renal replacement therapy, including kidney transplantation and dialysis. End-stage renal disease is generally diagnosed when the glomerular filtration rate drops below 15ml/(min.1.73m²). As toxins accumulate in the body, it can cause patients to develop various symptoms of uremia such as nausea and itchy skin, and a series of complications such as renal anemia and abnormal mineral bone metabolism. Patients usually need renal replacement therapy, including kidney transplant and dialysis. Kidney transplantation involves surgically transplanting a healthy kidney into the patient’s lower abdominal cavity and connecting it to blood vessels and the ureter. Kidney transplantation can greatly improve the quality of life of patients and is often the treatment of choice for patients with advanced kidney disease. Dialysis therapy is a treatment that allows solutes or water within body fluids to be removed from the body through a semi-permeable membrane, including hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis introduces the patient’s blood and dialysis solution into the dialyzer at the same time, and uses the dialyzer’s semi-permeable membrane to remove the toxins and water accumulated in the blood and replenish the bases, in order to correct acidosis, adjust electrolyte disorders, and replace the function of the kidneys. Peritoneal dialysis utilizes the patient’s own peritoneum as the semi-permeable membrane and injects peritoneal fluid into the peritoneal cavity through the peritoneal tube to remove toxins, correct electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders by using the principle of dispersion, and achieve ultrafiltration dehydration by using the principle of osmosis. Both modes of dialysis have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the specific mode of dialysis depends on the patient’s condition and wishes. If you are suffering from End Stage Renal Disease, it is recommended to go to regular hospitals and receive professional treatment under the guidance of doctors to avoid delaying your condition.