Small nodules in the anterosuperior mediastinum can be observed regularly, while large nodules need to be treated mainly with surgery. The mediastinum is a fibrous tissue separation of the body behind the median sternum, which contains many important body organs, including cardiovascular, bronchial, esophageal, aortic arch, superior and inferior vena cava. Clinically, the mediastinum is divided into nine zones, and the anterosuperior mediastinum is one of the systematic subdivisions. Nodules in the anterosuperior mediastinum are mainly from hard masses of thymus and intrathoracic thyroid cysts, but also from conditions such as developmental nerve sheath tumors, cysts and enlarged lymph nodes, with inflammation accounting for a very small proportion. So the anterior superior mediastinum space is particularly narrow, and the growth and development will produce compression after a certain level, leading to pressure on vital organs producing suffocation and diseases affecting cardiovascular activity. So at this time, regardless of whether it is benign or malignant, as long as it produces compression symptoms and affects the normal state of life, active surgical treatment should be taken.