Cold winter is coming, with the continuous decline in temperature, cardiovascular disease has entered a high season, the emergency department of major hospitals is overcrowded! First, cardiovascular disease patients in winter why sad: 1, temperature Cold stimulation activates the sympathetic nervous system, heart rate increases, peripheral vascular resistance increases, thus elevating blood pressure. 2, vitamin D Vitamin D affects the contractile function of the myocardium, regulates the renin-angiotensin system, inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and inflammatory response. Fall and winter vitamin D levels decline, increasing the risk of hypertension, diabetes, vascular disease and heart failure. 3, cholesterol Hypercholesterolemia is only one step away from coronary heart disease. Cholesterol levels also change seasonally, with the highest cholesterol levels in winter and the lowest in summer. 4, blood pressure In winter, sympathetic nerve activity increases, and the level of blood pressure-raising hormones rises, resulting in higher and more fluctuating blood pressure, which is more pronounced in the elderly. 5.Physical activity Physical activity can improve vascular endothelial function, regulate vasodilatation function, reduce sympathetic nerve activity, winter physical activity is relatively reduced. 6, coagulation activity in winter fibrinogen and coagulation factor VII and other pro-thrombotic substances to enhance activity, will lead to vascular endothelial damage, promote platelet activation, more likely to have thrombosis. 7, hormones Winter adrenaline, norepinephrine, angiotensin, aldosterone and other levels of elevation, will lead to increased cardiac excitability, increased peripheral circulatory resistance, elevated blood pressure, increase the burden on the heart. 8, air pollution PM2, 5 and other pollutants in the air will increase the heart rate, raise blood pressure, stimulate vascular inflammatory response, resulting in high blood coagulation. PM2, 5 significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction. PM10 and PM2,5 levels rise significantly in winter, Beijing PM2,5 levels increase by nearly 57% in winter. 9, infection Winter is prone to respiratory infections, easy to induce acute myocardial infarction, sudden death and other acute coronary events. 10, diet and obesity Winter is often easy to consume more high-fat diet, causing obesity, blood pressure and cholesterol levels are also significantly higher. Significantly lower temperatures in winter, air pollution, infectious diseases and changes in physiological functions of the body and lead to a high incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases as follows: (1) hypertension; (2) myocardial infarction and angina pectoris; (3) atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmia, etc.; (5) ischemic stroke and cerebral hemorrhage; (6) aortic coarctation; (7) venous thrombosis of the lower extremities and pulmonary embolism. Among them, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, stroke and aortic coarctation and other critical illnesses caused by the incidence of sudden death will greatly increase. Second, winter cardiovascular disease patients should pay attention to: 1, maintain a healthy lifestyle, balanced diet, quit smoking and alcohol, moderate exercise, avoid strenuous exercise, avoid emotional fluctuations too large; 2, more outdoor sports in the summer, for the winter reserve sufficient vitamin D; 3, cold weather attention to warmth, temperatures below freezing and snowy days avoid outdoor activities, go out to do a good job of warmth protection; 4, Severe air pollution haze days minimize outdoor activities, such as going out should wear anti-haze masks; 5, rest on time, avoid fatigue, drink more water, enhance resistance, flu vaccine, prevent respiratory infections; 6, strictly comply with the doctor’s instructions for the use of medication; 7, hypertensive patients with the same dose of antihypertensive drugs in the summer can be good to achieve the standard of blood pressure control, but in the winter may not be ideal results. At the change of seasons, hypertensive patients should pay attention to good blood pressure monitoring to avoid too high or too low blood pressure. Appearance of elevated blood pressure or dizziness, headache and chest tightness and other discomforts in a timely manner, see a doctor to adjust the dose of medication in a timely manner.