The “three highs” are what we often call high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol and high blood sugar, which are not new to many people. These diseases are generally caused by unhealthy eating habits, poor lifestyle habits, old age or obesity, and are a serious health hazard. These three types of diseases may exist alone or may be interrelated. The “three highs” pose a great threat to human health, but the specific organs and tissues they harm are different. Hyperglycemia hurts the whole body Hyperglycemia, as the name implies, refers to the high sugar content in the blood. High blood sugar can cause great harm to the blood vessels, nervous system, metabolic system and immune system of human body. On the one hand, elevated blood sugar increases the viscosity of blood, on the other hand, blood vessels become thinner, more brittle and less elastic, resulting in disorders in the entire circulatory system, poor blood flow and blockage, and various problems in the body. Ischemia and hypoxia caused by hyperglycemia are the most important causes of various complications of diabetes, such as fundus lesions, microcirculatory lesions in the extremities, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, stroke, etc. Elevated blood glucose also causes malnutrition and disabling changes in nerve cells, which can lead to peripheral neuritis, plant nerve disorders and other neurological diseases. At the same time, sugar, fat and protein are the three basic substances of human metabolism. High blood sugar leads to disorder of sugar metabolism, which breaks the balance of system metabolism, and then often leads to disorder of lipid metabolism, resulting in problems of the whole metabolic system. High blood pressure hurts the kidneys and brain High blood pressure can cause damage to many organs, among which the most serious damage to the kidneys and brain. The kidney damage caused by high blood pressure is mainly manifested as proteinuria and impaired kidney function. This is due to the fact that when the body has high blood pressure, it causes vascular sclerosis of the small renal arteries and also damages the endothelial cells of the kidney blood vessels, causing leakage of microalbumin and impairing kidney function. This effect is repeated over time and can lead to kidney failure. At the same time, hypertension is also the most important factor in the development of cerebrovascular disease. Chronic hypertension causes ischemia and degeneration of cerebral vessels, forming microaneurysms and inducing cerebral hemorrhage. Hypertension can promote cerebral atherosclerosis, and atheromatous plaque rupture can be complicated by cerebral thrombosis. The main clinical cerebrovascular diseases caused by hypertension are cerebral hemorrhage, hypertensive encephalopathy and lacunar cerebral infarction, among which cerebral hemorrhage is the most common complication of advanced hypertension. The site of cerebral hemorrhage, the amount of bleeding and the emergency treatment have great impact on the prognosis of patients, and the morbidity and mortality rate is high, even the survivors will be left with sequelae such as hemiplegia or aphasia. High blood lipid level hurts the heart and blood vessels Abnormal blood lipid metabolism is the main cause of coronary heart disease. If the concentration of lipoproteins in blood is persistently high, lipids will be deposited in large quantities on the walls of arteries, which will lead to atherosclerosis and thrombosis over time, causing serious damage to blood vessels. High lipid levels can harm the coronary arteries and form atherosclerosis, which in time will reduce the blood flow in the coronary arteries and cause myocardial ischemia, leading to angina and coronary heart disease. Family history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, overweight, long-term consumption of high-fat and high-sugar foods, or excessive consumption of salt, heavy alcohol consumption, etc., long-term high mental stress, middle-aged and elderly people are more likely to suffer from three high. The three high patients must develop a healthy and reasonable lifestyle, reasonable diet, moderate exercise, quit smoking and limit alcohol, psychological balance. Learn to reduce stress, salt, sugar and fat and exercise more to effectively control the three highs.