There is no so-called “most effective” treatment for 5-year-old children with toothache. They should go to the stomatology department of a regular hospital for a careful examination to clarify the cause of the toothache, and the doctor will choose the treatment according to the cause of the toothache, which includes medication or surgical treatment, etc. 1. 1. For the pain of hot and cold stimulation and food impaction caused by deep caries, filling treatment should be carried out after removing the decayed tissues. If the nerve is exposed before the carious tissue is removed, root canal treatment is needed. 2. The pain caused by acute pulpitis and periapical inflammation is often very severe and can cause great pain to the patient. In this case, pulp decompression should be performed, followed by root canal treatment to relieve pain and eliminate infection. 3. For pain caused by periodontal abscess, rinsing and medication, abscess incision or antibiotic treatment is required according to the actual situation. After the acute inflammation is controlled, systematic periodontal treatment will be carried out. Toothache patients should pay attention to dietary management, poor diet may lead to repeated aggravation of toothache. Patients should eat more fresh fruits and vegetables rich in dietary fiber and less sweet, cold, sour and spicy foods to avoid irritating the teeth and aggravating the pain. Parents should actively cooperate with the doctor to treat their children’s toothache, do not blindly treat yourself to avoid delaying the condition or triggering adverse reactions.