How is semen examined? A healthy baby is made from the combination of healthy sperm and quality eggs, when sperm abnormalities then it means that infertility may occur, resulting in abnormal semen sperm infertility. So, how is semen examined? How is semen examined? At present, the main items of semen examination are as follows: 1. semen volume: normal men have no less than 2ml of semen per ejaculation. usually, low semen volume is often due to partial semen loss. 2. color of semen: normal semen is uniform in texture and off-white in color. when there is no ejaculation for a long time, the semen is slightly yellow. If the sperm density is very low, semen will appear thinner. Other colors usually indicate the presence of abnormal conditions and require further examination. 3. Liquefaction time: At room temperature, semen will coagulate immediately after ejaculation and subsequently liquefy within 15 minutes. If semen does not liquefy in more than 60 minutes, it should be considered abnormal. If the semen liquefaction time is prolonged, incomplete or not liquefied, it is usually related to low prostate secretion function. 4. pH: pH should be measured within 1 hour after ejaculation. Normal semen is slightly alkaline, acidity causes the activity of sperm to decrease, and alkalization enhances the activity of sperm. Inflammation of the adnexal glands can affect the acidity and alkalinity of semen. 5. Viscosity: normal liquefied semen is a thin liquid. 6. Agglutination: When semen is observed under a microscope, the vast majority of sperm can be seen to be scattered and swimming freely. When the sperm agglutinates into a clump, it indicates that there are probably anti-sperm antibodies in the semen. 7. Sperm density and total number of sperm: The normal density of sperm should be more than 20 million per milliliter. Less than 20 million/ml is mild oligospermia, 5-20 million/ml is moderate oligospermia, and less than 5 million/ml is severe oligospermia. However, each person’s specific situation is different, and even for the same person at different times, the density can be very different, so it is unreasonable to draw conclusions from just one examination. 8, sperm motility and activity: sperm motility can be divided into four levels: a, b, c and d. Generally speaking, the infertility rate of those with two abnormal sperm density and activity rate is significantly higher than that of those with only one abnormal sperm. 9. morphology of sperm: abnormal morphology of sperm usually indicates low fertility, and the chance of conception is greatly reduced. 10. Leukocytes and erythrocytes: A small number of leukocytes can be present in the semen, but there are no erythrocytes. An excessive number of white blood cells or the presence of red blood cells indicates a possible inflammatory disease of the reproductive system. 11. Stain test: This is a more accurate way to check sperm morphology. A smear of liquefied semen is made, stained with hematoxylin-eosin stain, and the percentage of normal spermatozoa and various abnormal spermatozoa among 200 spermatozoa is calculated under light microscopy. Normal semen deformed sperm accounted for 30% to 40% and immature sperm accounted for 2% to 3%.