The relevance of genetic characteristics of kidney stones is small, and in a few cases conditions such as primary hyperoxaluria due to the presence of a genetic mutation can present very early with multiple stones in both kidneys. However, genetic factors are not dominant in the development of kidney stones. The occurrence of kidney stones has a certain geographical, the overall incidence of urinary tract stones in China is 1% to 5%, the southern region as high as 5% to 10%. There are many factors affecting the occurrence of kidney stones, abnormal body metabolism, urinary tract obstruction, infection, drug use, and lifestyle habits are the main causes of stone formation. Body metabolism such as high blood calcium, high uric acid, reduced urine output. Localized infection and obstruction of the urinary tract are also predisposing factors for stones, and stones can also lead to aggravation of infection. Certain medications such as methotrexate, magnesium silicate, and acetazolamide may be associated with stone occurrence. In addition, lifestyle habits such as sedentary behavior, prolonged standing, and low water intake are also factors in stone formation.