After the baby is born, parents who are careful may find that one or both sides of the scrotum are deflated and there are no “balls” inside when gently touched; if the obstetrician finds that there is no testicle in the scrotum after the baby is born, he or she will promptly tell the parents that the baby may be cryptorchid, and parents will be very worried at this time. However, we need to tell you that if no testicles can be felt in the scrotum of a newborn baby, it cannot be diagnosed as cryptorchidism, and the baby must be rechecked after 3 months, and if testicles still cannot be felt, it can be diagnosed as cryptorchidism. Cryptorchidism refers to the absence of testicles in the scrotum, including absent testicles, ectopic testicles and undescended testicles or incomplete testicular descent. During fetal life, the baby’s testicles develop behind the peritoneum at the waist and usually descend to the bottom of the scrotum only at 32 weeks of pregnancy. Therefore, if there is a malfunction at some point during the normal descent of the testicles, the testicles will stay in the abdominal cavity or in the groin and lead to cryptorchidism. Cryptorchidism can occur unilaterally or bilaterally, and unilaterally is significantly more common than bilaterally. The incidence of unilateral cryptorchidism is higher in the right side than in the left side. After professional examination, about 80% of cryptorchidism can be felt on the surface of the body, most often located in the groin. Generally, the testicle on the affected side is slightly smaller than normal. If the testicle can be pushed downward into the scrotum and then retracted back to the groin after releasing the hand, it becomes a sliding testicle, this is a cryptorchid. If the testicle can stay in the scrotum after releasing the hand, it does not belong to cryptorchidism and is called retracted testicle, which mostly does not need surgery. In another 20% of cryptorchidism, it is difficult to palpate, but it does not mean that there is no testicle. In more than 80% of these children, the testicle can be found in the groin or abdominal cavity during surgery, and less than 20% of them are really missing. In recent years, laparoscopy has been widely used in the examination and minimally invasive treatment of cryptorchidism with satisfactory results. Once cryptorchidism is diagnosed, treatment should be carried out at the right time. The objectives of cryptorchidism treatment are: 1) to improve the appearance; 2) to avoid psychological and mental trauma of the affected child; 3) to detect the tendency of malignant changes in time; 4) to improve the fertility. The treatment of cryptorchidism is divided into hormonal and surgical treatment: 1. Before hormonal treatment, repeated examination and certain measures should be taken to exclude retraction of the testicles. However, mental changes and growth of external genitalia may occur after applying hormone, and longer time or high dose application may cause early epiphyseal closure; in addition, there is a certain recurrence rate after hormone treatment, so hormone is not routinely applied in clinical treatment of cryptorchidism. 2.The effect of surgical treatment is exact, and it should be treated surgically around 1, and should not be more than 2 years old. For children whose testicles are located in the groin, open testicular drainage fixation is feasible; for children whose testicles cannot be reached in the groin, laparoscopic testicular exploration is needed; there may be testicular agenesis or high intra-abdominal testicles, and intra-abdominal testicles should be laparoscopically assisted to implement testicular drainage.