The incidence of fractures after vertebroplasty varies from person to person, with 8% to 52% of recurrent compression fractures occurring after surgery, mostly related to the degree of vertebral osteoporosis. Percutaneous perforation vertebroplasty is mainly indicated for people with osteoporosis and vertebral compression fractures. Because osteoporosis is a systemic bone metabolism disease, there is a decrease in bone mineral density and a destruction of the microstructure of the bone tissues, and therefore, despite vertebroplasty, there is an increase in the stress at the cement, which is a factor in vertebral re-fracture or other vertebral fractures after surgery. Existing studies have shown that 8% to 52% of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures recur after surgery, with compression fractures of neighboring vertebrae being the most common. Therefore, postoperative anti-osteoporosis treatment and regular review of bone mineral density and other indicators are needed to prevent re-fracture.