God has created beautiful breasts for women, and women should cherish and love them. Recently, two leading experts in breast surgery at UCLA Medical Center, Dr. Catherine Doheney and Dr. Monica Lynn, respectively, summarized their nearly 40 years of clinical experience and came up with a set of breast self-examination methods, hoping that women all over the world can do breast disease self-diagnosis. 1. Feel swelling and pain before menstruation. Breast swelling and pain can occur one to two weeks before each menstrual period, and even the slightest friction like wearing a bra can be unbearable, perhaps accompanied by a series of symptoms such as headache, fatigue, nervousness, insomnia and constipation. After the onset of menstruation, the swelling and pain gradually disappear. It may be premenstrual syndrome. The hormones in a woman’s body change around the time of her period, and in addition to triggering breast swelling and pain, water retention, swelling, acne and emotional irritability may also occur before menstruation. This can be relieved with a controlled diet and a relaxed state of mind. Yang Xuewei, Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University 2. Lumps with unclear boundaries are felt. 1 week before menstruation, the breast begins to appear intermittent swelling or dull pain, at this time, if you gently touch the breast, you can feel the strip lock-like or triangular-shaped glandular tissue, is granular, tough and soft texture, unclear boundaries, no obvious lumps. It may be lobular hyperplasia of the breast. This is one of the breast dysplasia, mostly related to female endocrine imbalance, the main manifestation is breast pain, pain occurs infrequently. At this time should maintain a happy, calm state of mind, adjust the diet and adhere to breastfeeding after childbirth, can be alleviated. 3.Lumps are palpated above the breast. If a lump (single lump) is palpated on the outer upper part of the breast, with a firm texture, smooth surface, clear border and easily pushed, while the lump grows very slowly and there is no other sensation. It may be a fibroadenoma of the breast. Women with this disease generally develop it at a young age, mostly between 20 and 25 years old, and the medical community believes that the onset is related to active estrogen. Although this is a benign breast disease, it can be cancerous. Once detected and diagnosed, it should be operated in time. 4. Periodic onset of breast pain and swelling. The swelling and pain in the breast is sometimes light and sometimes heavy, with the characteristic of periodic attacks, especially before menstruation will be aggravated; multiple, nodular lumps can be palpated in the breast, the texture is not hard, and sometimes there is fluid overflow from the nipple. It may be cystic hyperplasia of the breast. This disease, also called chronic cystic breast disease, is a benign hyperplasia of the interstitial mammary glands. The incidence is high, common in women aged 25-40, most patients can remit on their own within 2 years after the onset of the disease, but in view of the possibility of cancer in a small number of patients, so every 3 months should be a follow-up, dynamic monitoring of the condition. 5. Rash on the breast that is breastfeeding. Some women who are breastfeeding have a rash on their breasts, mostly on their nipples or areolas, with a clear border between the affected skin and healthy skin, covered with a few scales or thin crusts, and a pronounced itch. It may be breast eczema. This is an allergic rash that is more common in breastfeeding women, who tend to be allergic and the onset may be related to eating foods that cause allergies. This disease is generally in the baby weaning will be self-healing. 6, the superficial appearance of a well-bounded lump. When a very superficial lump appears on the skin of the breast, smooth and soft, with clear borders to the touch, movable and almost painless. It may be a breast lipoma. This disease is most often seen in middle-aged women. The lump is seen in only one breast and grows slowly. Surgical removal is sufficient, without much risk. 7. The lump can be pushed. A cherry-sized, soft, pushable lump can be felt near the nipple, and when it is gently squeezed, some bright red or dark red bloody fluid can be seen at the nipple, with occasional pain. It may be an intraductal papilloma. This disease develops at an older age. Because the papilloma is vascularized and has many thin-walled blood vessels, it is very likely to have a bloody discharge. In 6-8% of cases, the tumor may become cancerous and should be surgically removed as soon as possible. 8.”Orange peel-like” changes. A small painless lump is inadvertently felt on the breast, and the surface of the lump is hard, lumpy, with unclear boundary. It may be breast cancer. Once the above situation is detected, you should not hesitate to seek medical attention as soon as possible.