The causes of lumbar vertebral fractures are as follows: 1. indirect violence, such as a fall from a height or a heavy object; 2. strong muscle contraction, which can occur in the transverse process, spinous process and other vertebral attachments, and can also lead to vertebral compression fractures in severe cases; 3. direct violence, caused by direct impact or violent injury to the injured area, which can lead to vertebral comminution fractures or compression fractures; 4. pathological fractures, which means that the spinal vertebrae themselves have diseases such as tumor, union or infection, and can be fractured by suffering minor trauma.