CRC is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system and is currently the 4th most prevalent. How to prevent the occurrence of CRC has become a focus of attention. Western countries began to pay attention to CRC research early, and as early as 1998, some scholars clearly proposed the cancer model of CRC adenoma – atypical hyperplasia – cancer. Based on this mechanism, the United States was the first to propose a screening program for CRC, which was incorporated into the Medicare system and vigorously promoted nationwide. Recently published CDC data clearly show the effectiveness of this screening program, with an annual incidence rate of 3.4% and a mortality rate of 3.0%, which are important in the prevention of tumors. According to the 2008 US screening protocol, the core of CRC screening is the detection and removal of polyp-like lesions, especially progressive polyps with a tendency to become cancerous. The main methods of CRC screening are fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy/sigmoidoscopy. Currently, in addition to the United States, there are screening programs in European countries such as the United Kingdom, and each national screening program system is tailored to the actual situation in the country. Contrary to the data from the United States, in recent years, with the progress of industrialization and changes in dietary structure, the incidence and mortality rates of CRC in China have shown a significant increase. However, given the national situation, there is no screening program for CRC in China. The main reasons affecting screening in our country are the lack of awareness, the importance of physicians and corresponding medical institutions and the lack of funding. From the information in the United States, we can see that all screening tests require a large financial investment. However, in the long term, as the incidence of tumor decreases, it can reduce the expenditure on medical costs and improve productivity. Therefore, a corresponding screening program should be developed with the actual situation of our country. With the recent emphasis of our nationals on health checkups, we can first conduct CRC screening in the health checkup population, or for symptomatic or high-risk groups, and then gradually promote it. In conclusion, in order to implement the policy of disease prevention, we should pay attention to the development of CRC screening.