1. Misdiagnosis of non-epileptic seizure disorders as epilepsy 1.1 Misconceptions: mainly some seizure disorders and involuntary movement disorders or some special movements of normal children are misdiagnosed as epilepsy, such as hysterical pseudo seizures, seizure events during sleep (night terrors, nocturnal wanderings, sleep myoclonus, periodic leg movements, nightmares), movement induced movement disorders, episodic sleeping sickness, sleep apnea syndrome, transient ischemic attack (TIA), syncope, facial muscle spasm, febrile convulsion, hypocalcemic convulsion, migraine, abdominal pain, multiple tics, infantile breath-holding seizure, infantile emotional cross-legged rub syndrome, etc. 1.2 Countermeasures: (1) Take a detailed history and physical examination. Ask the patient himself if he has any aura and witnesses, and preferably demonstrate seizure performance. (2) Select the most valuable dynamic EEG examination to capture the seizure-phase EEG. (3) Measurement of serum prolactin level during the seizure period. 2. Seizures are missed as non-epileptic seizures 2.1 Myth: Epilepsy with atypical symptoms or no twitchy seizures at all is easily missed. Temporal lobe epilepsy with complex partial seizures and vegetative epilepsy are often misdiagnosed as psychosis, gastroenteritis, heart disease, and neurological headache. 2.2 Countermeasures: (1) The presence of clinical seizure manifestations, absence of cramping symptoms, family history of epilepsy, previous history of febrile convulsions, trauma and postnatal asphyxia should be repeatedly done in a timely manner, and it is best to capture dynamic EEG during seizures for early diagnosis and early treatment. (2) Conventional EEG even if normal can not completely exclude the diagnosis of epilepsy, if necessary, the correct choice of antiepileptic drugs for further diagnostic feedback treatment. 3, seizure typing, syndrome misclassification 3.1 Misconceptions: mainly confuse aphasic seizure automatism with complex partial seizures, aphasic seizure myoclonic with myoclonic seizures, atonic seizures with myoclonic seizures; multiple epilepsy syndromes cannot be correctly diagnosed in time. 3.2 Countermeasures: (1) Detailed and precise history and physical examination, to carefully and comprehensively understand the performance during seizures, preferably with direct witnessing of the seizure presentation or demonstration of the seizure performance, as well as asking about the pre-seizure aura and premonition and post-seizure performance. (2) It is best to choose dynamic EEG long-range monitoring to capture synchronous changes during seizures. 4. Incomplete clinical diagnosis of epilepsy 4.1 Myths: Incomplete tracing of the etiology, seizure type or syndrome of epilepsy and insufficient knowledge of the complications of epilepsy. 4.2 Countermeasures: (1) Neuroimaging, neuropsychological and relevant laboratory tests must be done to clarify the etiology after the diagnosis of epilepsy is confirmed. (2) Take a detailed medical history and combine age of onset, etiology, contributing factors, EEG characteristics, and seizure characteristics to clarify that it is a certain seizure type or syndrome. (3) Pay attention to the psycho-psychiatric and behavioral-intellectual changes of the patient during the treatment follow-up.