Under normal conditions, platelets have no nucleus and the surface structure of platelets is mainly composed of a cell coat and a cell membrane. The cell coat of platelets mainly consists of various glycoproteins that are interconnected by glycoconjugates. Under transmission electron microscopy, the platelet membrane is similar to other cells and also shows a typical three-layer structure with a thickness of about 7.5 nm. Therefore, it is because platelets have such a structure that platelets are able to perform functions such as adhesion, release, aggregation and contraction, and play an important role in the process of hemostasis in the human body. At the same time, the number of platelets must be maintained within the normal range. If the number of platelets decreases, the body’s hemostatic function decreases, and various symptoms of bleeding will easily occur.