If a patient has a problem with the lumbar spine, he or she should choose the appropriate auxiliary examination according to the specific disease. If a patient has a fracture of the lumbar region, an X-ray of the lumbar region should be taken, through which the extent of the fracture can be seen, and a CT film of the lumbar region should be taken, through which it can be seen whether there are bone fragments protruding into the spinal canal, providing a therapeutic basis for the next step of treatment. If a patient has a lumbar disc herniation, an MRI of the lumbar spine can be taken, and the MRI film can show the specific stage of nucleus pulposus protrusion and the degree of nucleus pulposus protrusion. Treatment can be symptomatic according to the patient’s specific situation, and conservative treatment can be considered. If the herniated nucleus pulposus is obvious and the patient has obvious symptoms of nerve compression, surgical treatment is required.