Renal atrophy belongs to the change of kidney size and shape caused by congenital or acquired diseases, which is an irreversible pathological symptom of kidney. Due to renal function damage resulting in a large number of kidney units reduction and renal parenchymal fibrosis, thus there is not enough blood and oxygen supply to the kidney to produce healthy kidney cells, so renal atrophy is basically unrecoverable. Most common congenital renal atrophy factors are congenital renal dysplasia or malformation, and patients are born with renal atrophy. Unilateral renal atrophy may be accompanied by adaptive enlargement of the other kidney, and body functions may not be affected temporarily. In contrast, acquired factors are mostly seen in renal blood flow obstruction due to renal vascular stenosis, urinary obstruction and renal atrophy caused by other diseases. The clinical treatment for renal atrophy is mainly for the treatment of the primary disease, although it can not restore renal atrophy, but can effectively control the degree of renal atrophy, thus delaying the disease, as the key to treatment. It is also necessary to improve the symptoms caused by renal atrophy, and renal replacement therapy can be chosen if necessary. First, the original pathogenesis treatment: the original pathogenesis treatment for the cause of renal atrophy to stabilize the condition and have a certain protective effect on the kidney. Such as renal artery stenosis can be placed through interventional therapy to expand the renal artery, or surgery to re-establish the renal artery, so that the blood flow is restored to normal; ureteral reflux can be extended through surgery to extend the length of the ureter, or implantation of artificial ureter, etc., to reduce the symptoms of ureteral reflux; such as diabetes, hypertension and other diseases, oral metformin, acarbose and other glucose-lowering treatment as prescribed by the doctor, nifedipine, luohuaxi and other antihypertensive drugs Strictly control blood pressure. When symptoms of anemia appear, iron can be used in appropriate amounts as prescribed by the doctor; if acidosis or water-electrolyte disorders occur, sodium bicarbonate, sodium lactate and other drugs can be used to relieve the symptoms of metabolic acidosis caused by the disease; Sevelamer, calcium acetate and other drugs can be used to regulate the calcium-phosphorus balance in the body. . Renal replacement therapy: 1, dialysis treatment: mainly including hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, the use of dialysis machines to replace the normal kidney function, to help the body excrete toxins and metabolic waste, so as to improve the renal atrophy condition; 2, kidney transplantation: transplantation of other healthy kidneys, can help restore the normal function of the kidneys, but the donor is less, need to combine the patient’s own situation to choose. In addition, daily strict restriction of salt, protein and phosphorus, potassium intake, reduce the intake of meat, eggs, while quitting smoking and alcohol, prevention of respiratory infections, obese people strict weight control.