Parents of patients, and even some medical professionals, often ask if children’s skulls are still growing and developing. Can cranial defects in children be repaired, when and how? To answer these questions, we need to review some history first. Traditionally, it is believed that children’s cranial bone changes a lot with age, and the stability of artificial material fixed on the undeveloped children’s cranial bone is poor; moreover, as children grow up, the area of cranial defect becomes larger, and there is a possibility that the repair material will fall off; after early repair, the repair material will hinder the normal growth of the cranial bone and cause the asymmetric development of the cranium, which will affect the development of brain tissue and the aesthetic appearance of the head, so early cranial repair is generally not advocated. Cranial repair is not recommended. Surgical repair of cranial defects in children is increasing. Cranial defects in childhood have an impact on the growth and development of children and the recovery of neurological function. Patients with cranial defects often have a heavy burden of insecurity and can cause headache, dizziness, fear of vibration and other syndromes. The longer the cranial defect, the higher the incidence of cranial defect syndrome and secondary brain damage. In order to restore the cranial cavity confinement, keep the physiological intracranial pressure stable and reduce the cranial defect syndrome. In order to restore the cranial cavity, keep the physiological intracranial pressure stable, and reduce the cranial defect syndrome, cranial repair should be performed for cranial defects with a diameter of 3 cm or more without muscle coverage and without contraindications. For children with cranial defects, generally speaking, cranial repair is possible after 3 years of age if cranial defects occur. Restoring the integrity of the cranial cavity can improve the development of brain tissue and promote the recovery of neurological function. At present, we are experienced in using PEEK material for cranial repair surgery, and our surgical skills allow patients to recover the skull shape and aesthetics after surgery, making it a more ideal artificial repair material.