Pediatric inguinal hernias are very common in pediatric surgery, with an incidence of 0.8-4.4%, and are more likely to occur in boys than girls, especially in premature infants, where the incidence can reach 30%. If left untreated, it can lead to incarcerated hernia or intestinal perforation, and, in severe cases, may lead to hypoplasia of one testicle or ovary, causing permanent dysfunction and affecting the function of the reproductive system. Pediatric inguinal hernia, is the most common disease in pediatric general surgery, mainly because some children are born, the groin does not close well where there is a weak spot, resulting in the abdominal cavity of the small intestine, omentum, ovaries, fallopian tubes and so on leave the original position, protruding from the groin, that is, to become a hernia. In children with inguinal hernias, most of the time, the protrusion can be observed at the base of the thigh, i.e., in the groin, and it is especially noticeable when the pressure on the child’s abdomen increases, such as when he or she cries or has a bowel movement. But there are also times when the protuberance is not obvious or even invisible. Therefore, parents should pay attention to observation and take a photo when the protrusion is more obvious, so that when you bring your child to the doctor, it can help the doctor make a better diagnosis of the child’s condition. Pediatric inguinal hernia, if not treated in time, will have the following risks: 1, the child will have abdominal pain, abdominal distension, vomiting and other symptoms; 2, leaving the original position of the small intestine, omentum and other organs can not be restored to its original position in a timely manner, the occurrence of insufficient blood supply, affecting its function, this situation is called a hernia incarcerated; 3, the serious may be the occurrence of intestinal ischemia and necrosis, intestinal perforation, acute peritonitis, etc., endangering the life of the boy; 4, boys’ inguinal Hernia may enter the scrotum and compress the testicles, causing insufficient blood supply to the ipsilateral testicles and affecting the development and function of the testicles; for girls, if it is the ovaries or fallopian tubes that leave the abdominal cavity, it may lead to ischemic necrosis of the ovaries or fallopian tubes. The chance of a pediatric inguinal hernia healing on its own is very low, only 1%, much lower than the chance of complications of 28%. Therefore, surgery should be performed as early as possible, the significance of which is as follows: 5. Prevent hernia incarceration: Dr. Jacobs, Chief of Surgery at the Toronto Hospital, based on clinical experience, found that compared with children who were observed for 30 days after developing a hernia, those who underwent surgery within two weeks of discovering a hernia had half the chance of developing an incarcerated hernia. 6. Prevent hernias on the other side: Bilateral hernias have a 10% chance of occurring. In addition to treating a hernia that has already occurred, the surgery allows the surgeon to check for the possibility of a hernia on the other side and repair it in time. 7. Prevent recurrence: The surgeon will also check for other factors that may have caused the hernia, such as undescended testicles, in order to avoid recurrence of the hernia. With the popularization of laparoscopic surgery, surgeons can treat pediatric hernias with this minimally invasive surgical method. This surgery is characterized by minimal trauma and short recovery time. Risks of Inguinal Hernia Surgery Inguinal hernia surgery techniques have become more sophisticated and complications are less likely to occur if the surgeon is experienced and routinely trained. However, it is also important for parents to be aware of the possible risks: 1) Temporary swelling at the surgical site, especially if the hernia repair area is large, but this will disappear as the child recovers; 2) Wound infection; 3) Injury to blood vessels at the surgical site; 4) Recurrence of the hernia. Children with no postoperative complications can usually be discharged on the day of surgery, but parents will need to bring their child in for a follow-up appointment one week after surgery.