The use of chemotherapy after resection of small hepatocellular carcinoma depends on whether radical resection has been achieved. Generally, systemic chemotherapy is not necessary after resection of small hepatocellular carcinoma, but if small hepatocellular carcinoma is found to be combined with cancer embolus, or the cut end is not clean, or there are suspected residual or suspected recurrent foci, hepatic artery embolization chemotherapy should be performed again. Small hepatocellular carcinoma refers to hepatocellular carcinoma in which the maximum diameter of a single cancer nodule does not exceed 3 cm or the sum of the diameters of two cancer nodules does not exceed 3 cm. The sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma to chemotherapy is low and surgery can usually radically resect small hepatocellular carcinoma, so postoperative chemotherapy is not necessary. If intraoperative findings of combined embolization, unclean cut ends, suspicious residual lesions or suspected recurrence are detected, hepatic artery embolization chemotherapy should be performed after surgery. Hepatic artery embolization chemotherapy can be performed not only by local chemotherapeutic drug injection, but also by simultaneous hepatic arteriography to detect the presence of residual lesions. If no tiny metastatic foci are found, chemotherapy is usually administered once or twice according to the patient’s liver function. If residual metastatic foci are found, the number of chemotherapy treatments should be decided according to the control of the foci, and chemotherapy is usually required until the foci disappear completely. If the patient is after resection of small liver cancer, it is suggested that the patient should actively seek medical treatment, and the doctor should combine the patient’s physical condition and surgical lesions to make a comprehensive judgment and formulate a treatment plan, and the patient should not diagnose and treat on his own, so as to avoid delaying the condition.