Whether anastomotic fistula can be self-healed after esophageal cancer surgery is closely related to the size of fistula and patient’s reasonable diet; if the fistula is small and the patient is in good physical condition, there is a possibility of self-healing. 1. If the postoperative fistula of esophageal cancer is small, the patient has balanced diet and regular daily routine, the anastomotic fistula can be healed faster, usually in 1-3 months. 2. If the postoperative fistula of esophageal cancer is large and the patient’s diet is irregular, it may lead to anastomotic infection, which is more difficult to be healed by itself, and at this time, the patient should be given anti-infective drugs, and undergo surgery to repair if necessary. 3. Reasonable diet: after surgery for esophageal cancer, patients should have a light diet, eat more easy-to-digest food, give enough high-quality protein such as eggs, milk, lean meat, etc., and forbid pickled products, hard, cold, spicy and other stimulating food, so as to avoid damage of gastrointestinal mucous membrane, which is not conducive to the healing of anastomosis. For anastomotic fistula after esophageal cancer surgery, the doctor’s advice should be followed to promote the healing of fistula.