Sedative-hypnotics are a class of drugs that are effective in improving sleep quality and relieving anxiety states, and are a general term for two classes of drugs: sedative-hypnotics and anxiolytics. Sedative-hypnotics pharmacologically belong to the central nervous system inhibitors, the central nervous system has a relatively wide range of inhibitory effects, it produces different effects depending on the dose and dosage form. Generally small doses can make the patient quiet, reduce activity and ease the state of agitation, and can induce sleep and ultimately achieve sedation; medium dose can cause the human body to reach a state close to physiological sleep to play a hypnotic effect; large doses of anesthesia, mostly used in surgery. Anxiolytic drugs can affect human mental activity, can stabilize human mood, reduce anxiety and tension, mainly used for anti-anxiety and various neurosis and hypnosis. Clinical sedative and sleeping drugs now commonly used include benzodiazepines, barbiturates, new non-benzodiazepines, melatonin, antidepressants, and 5-HT2A/2C receptor antagonists, and many other types. These different types of drugs exert different effects on the organism respectively. Sedative and sleeping drugs are psychotropic drugs and need to be used under the guidance of a psychiatric professional.