Overview of Gastrointestinal Disease
Gastrointestinal disease is a common disease that affects about 20% of the population. The older the age, the higher the incidence rate, especially the middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old are more common. Gastrointestinal disease is not a specific kind of disease, first of all, it is necessary to make a clear diagnosis, do not delay, so as not to avoid delaying the condition. There are many types of gastrointestinal diseases, including: chronic enteritis, colitis, chronic gastritis (superficial, erosive, atrophic, reflux), gastro-sinusitis, gastric ulcers, gastric hemorrhage, gastric perforation, duodenal ulcers and so on.
Etiology
The root cause of gastrointestinal diseases is the imbalance between the protective mechanism and the damaging mechanism of the human body. Traditional medicines kill the harmful bacteria in the stomach and intestines, but also kill the necessary beneficial bacteria in the stomach and intestines. Although it relieves the symptoms and eliminates the inflammation, the reduction of the beneficial bacteria reduces the immunity of the stomach and intestines, and it is easy to be re-infected once the medication is stopped. There are many reasons for gastropathy, including genetics, the environment, diet, medication, bacterial infections, and smoking, and excessive alcohol abuse can cause it. In medicine, it is called “double infection”, which gradually evolves into chronic gastrointestinal disease.
Questions you may be concerned about
Reasons for the high incidence of gastrointestinal diseases in the fall
The reasons for the high incidence of gastrointestinal diseases in the fall are related to the cooler weather, the multiplication of bacteria, and dietary factors.
1. The weather turns cool in the fall, the temperature is suitable for bacteria and viruses to reproduce, and the food is easy to rot, which makes it the most frequent season for food poisoning, bacillary dysentery, E. coli enteritis, and refrigerator enteritis (Yersinia enterocolitica) and other intestinal diseases.
2. In the fall, the temperature decreases, the gastric acid secretion increases after being stimulated by cold air, and the gastrointestinal spasmodic contraction occurs, and the resistance and adaptability decreases with it.
3. The high incidence of gastrointestinal diseases in the fall is also related to diet, fall people have a good appetite, may overeat, eat some spicy stimulating food more, the gastrointestinal tract to produce stimulation or damage, causing gastrointestinal diseases.
During the high incidence of gastrointestinal diseases in the fall, people should pay attention to keep warm, eat less spicy food, avoid overeating, and maintain mental and emotional stability.
Symptoms
Gastrointestinal diseases have a variety of clinical manifestations, such as: abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, acidity, hiccups, feeling of fullness and pressure after meals, stomach acidity, stomach pain, stomach blockage, stomach bloating, stomach chills, stomach fever, stomach cramps, anorexia, dyspepsia, diarrhea, constipation, intestinal sounds, pus and blood in the stools, stools that are not shaped, mucus in the stools, tarry stools, and more often, etc. All of these belong to the category of gastroenterological diseases. It can manifest in many different ways in individuals.
Tests
1.13C Breath Test
This method is the gold standard for detecting Helicobacter pylori HP. Helicobacter pylori is a major cause of gastrointestinal diseases and is associated with gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer. Gastroscopic manifestations: redness, swelling, erosion, and even ulceration of the gastric mucosa. If the infection of Helicobacter pylori is detected, corresponding anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment program can be made.
2. Serum anti-HP antibody measurement
Simple and convenient, but the rise and fall of HP antibody is time-sensitive, with high false-negative and false-positive rates, so it cannot be used to determine the efficacy of treatment.
3. X-ray examination
Patients take contrast agent or barium enema, after a period of time the contrast agent through the peristalsis of the digestive tract, filled with the entire digestive tract, using X-ray examination, you can understand the morphology of the organs of the digestive tract characteristics. At present, the main understanding of the digestive tract power function.
4. Gastrointestinal endoscopy
It is the most important examination method for diagnosing organic gastrointestinal diseases. Lesions are found through high-definition endoscopy and pathologic biopsy is performed. Through electronic high-definition endoscopy, the gastroscope enters the mouth, esophagus, cardia, stomach, and duodenum, and the enteroscope enters the anus, rectum, sigmoid colon, descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon, cecum, and terminal ileum. The surface of the mucosa in the stomach and intestines can be directly photographed by the camera at the head end of the endoscope to know in detail whether there is congestion, edema, erosion, ulceration, tumor, and so on.
5. Capsule endoscopy
On the basis of endoscopy did not find lesions, clinical consideration of small intestinal lesions, capsule endoscopy can be carried out, without intubation, only need to take a capsule charged for 8 hours. Life and work are not affected without any pain, and various lesions in the whole gastrointestinal tract can be clearly observed. With the capsule endoscopy gradually put into clinical use, gastroenterology patients from now on will no longer endure the pain of doing the traditional examination with intubation.
6. Gastric fluid analysis
Gastric fluid analysis can understand the secretion function of the stomach, which is often helpful for the diagnosis of certain gastric and duodenal diseases and the observation of treatment effect.
7. Electrogastrogram
Electrogastrogram is a test for gastric diseases that detects abnormal gastric electrical rhythms and is mainly used to diagnose gastrointestinal dynamics disorders such as gastroparesis and constipation.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is made on the basis of the cause of the disease, clinical manifestations and laboratory tests. Pay special attention to the following signs:
1. Middle and upper abdominal pain, abdominal distension, acid reflux significantly aggravated, the pain is irregular, the period of attack is getting shorter and shorter.
2. Hidden pain in the fossa of the heart behind the sternum, with radiating pain, and it takes a long time for the pain to be relieved with the constant addition of regular medications
3. Loss of appetite, reduced diet, frequent nausea, vomiting, weight loss, emaciation, with fatigue and anemia.
4. Abdominal heaviness, irregular bowel movements, unexplained diarrhea, unformed stools, mostly mucus or loose stools, slight pain in defecation.
5. Alternating diarrhea and constipation, black stools, ineffective antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs, difficult to control diarrhea, accompanied by low or moderate fever.
Treatment
1. Daily life
Regularize the diet, pay attention to dietary hygiene, and take fewer medicines that are stimulating to the stomach. Secondly, keep the spirit happy.
2. Symptomatic treatment
(1) Remove the cause of the disease, take bed rest, and stop all diets and medicines that stimulate the stomach. Fasting for a short period of time as appropriate, and giving easy-to-digest light liquid diet with little residue, in order to facilitate the rest of the stomach and the healing of the injury.
(2) Encourage drinking water, due to vomiting diarrhea loss of water, the patient in the absence of vomiting, as much as possible to drink water, replenish the lost water. Sugar-salt water is preferred (boiled water with a small amount of sugar and salt added). Do not drink sugary drinks, so as not to produce too much acid and aggravate abdominal pain. Patients with frequent vomiting can drink a small amount of water (about 50 milliliters) for 2 hours after a vomiting without vomiting.
(3) Analgesia. Application of belladonna tablets, atropine, 654-2, ortizium bromide and other drugs can be. Can also be localized hot compresses on the abdomen antispasmodic pain (with gastric bleeding is not used).
(4) accompanied by diarrhea, fever, check the routine blood, stool routine, stool culture + drug sensitivity test, may be appropriate to apply flavin, haloperidol and other antibacterial drugs. Less severe cases are generally not used, so as not to aggravate the stimulation of the stomach.
(5) Vomiting diarrhea is serious, dehydration is obvious, should be promptly sent to the hospital for intravenous fluid therapy, usually 1 ~ 2 days to recover quickly.
(6) prevention-oriented, moderation of alcohol, do not overeat, careful use or not use drugs that are easy to damage the gastric mucosa. Acute simple gastritis should be treated in time to prevent recurrence after healing, so as not to turn into chronic gastritis, delayed.
Questions you may be concerned about
belladonna tablets for gastrointestinal cramps
The effect of belladonna tablets for gastrointestinal cramps is still quite good, with the effect of relieving cramps and pain.
Belladonna Tablet is a kind of Chinese medicine that can relieve spasmodic pain caused by gastrointestinal diseases, including gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. After taking the medicine, patients can achieve analgesic effect in a relatively short period of time. The exact time will also depend on the patient’s individual absorption.
However, it is not recommended that patients take Belladonna Tablets for a long time, as this may lead to dependence. After taking this drug, most patients will experience adverse reactions such as dry mouth, constipation, mouth, nose and throat, and a few patients will experience eye pain and high intraocular pressure. In addition prostate hypertrophy, glaucoma patients and breastfeeding women to prohibit this drug.
When stomach pain occurs patients should not blindly take drugs, belladonna tablets should be used under the guidance of a doctor to avoid aggravation of the condition.
What is the best medicine for gastrointestinal diseases
Gastrointestinal disease can choose antibiotics such as amoxicillin, acid inhibitors such as omeprazole, gastric mucous membrane protectants such as aluminum thioglycollate, as well as gastric stimulants such as mosapride for symptomatic treatment.
Gastrointestinal diseases are usually caused by microbial infection, chemical stimulation, diet and heredity, etc. Commonly used therapeutic drugs are as follows:
1. Antibiotics: if it is caused by Helicobacter pylori infection, antibiotics such as amoxicillin and clarithromycin can be chosen for treatment.
2. Acid inhibitors: acid inhibiting drugs such as omeprazole and cimetidine can be chosen for treatment, which can reduce the damage of gastric acid to gastric mucosa.
3. Gastric mucosal protective agent: gastric ulcer, gastritis patients can choose magnesium aluminum carbonate tablets and aluminum thioglycollate and other gastric mucosal protective agent for drug treatment.
4. Gastric stimulants: When symptoms such as acid reflux or indigestion occur, drugs such as domperidone tablets and mosapride can be chosen.
People who are allergic to the above drugs are forbidden to take them, and should follow the doctor’s instructions to avoid self-medication.