Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease caused by infection with monkeypox virus, which is highly contagious. The disease originates in tropical rainforest areas of Africa and is disseminated throughout the year, with peak incidence in June to August. Monkeypox is transmissible, mainly between humans and animals and humans: 1. Transmission between humans and animals: The main sources of infection for monkeypox are monkeys inhabiting tropical rainforests, infected rodents or other mammals, and patients with monkeypox. Monkeypox virus is mainly transmitted through animals, and people can be infected when they are bitten by animals carrying the virus or come into close contact with blood, body fluids or objects contaminated with the virus on infected animals; 2. Human-to-human transmission: Monkeypox virus can also be transmitted between humans, and the medium of transmission is mainly blood and body fluids, and can also be transmitted vertically through the placenta. In addition, human-to-human contact in close proximity for long periods of time may also cause disease through droplet transmission.