Overview.
Biliary dyskinesia syndrome is also known as sphincter of Oddi insufficiency, sphincter of Oddi atresia insufficiency, sphincter of Oddi laxity, and jugular atresia insufficiency of Vater. The syndrome is generally categorized as functional, pathologic, or mechanical, but cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, and biliary ascariasis are the most common.
Etiology
It is currently thought that it may be due to dysplasia of the sphincter of Oddi from a variety of causes, leading to dysfunction.
Symptoms
Patients are mostly elderly women, with pain in the right quarter of the ribcage as the main symptom; it is often accompanied by nausea, abdominal distension, poor appetite, anorexia and vomiting, and other digestive symptoms. If there are complications, there may be chills, fever, jaundice and other manifestations.
Examination
1. Laboratory examination
Liver function tests, total bilirubin (TBIL, STB), direct bilirubin/indirect bilirubin ratio.
2.Imaging examination
Including oral cholecystography, retrograde cholangiopancreatography, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, etc.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of this disease is often difficult, if the disease is suspected, cholangiography can be done. Barium contrast, B-mode ultrasound and CT examination can be done to exclude organic biliary tract diseases.
Differential diagnosis
It should be differentiated from ulcer disease, hepatic varicose syndrome, etc.
Complications
Cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, biliary ascariasis can be complicated.
Treatment
The treatment mainly focuses on the etiology, symptomatic management and treatment of comorbidities. If it is functional, anti-spasmodic drugs can be used, and traditional Chinese medicine can also be applied.
Prevention
There is no specific preventive measure for this disease, and one should actively participate in physical exercise to improve the immunity of the body.