Thalassemia, or thalassemia, is an abnormality in which a positive thalassemia screen may indicate a person with thalassemia or a carrier of the thalassemia gene. Thalassemia is a hereditary disease. Mild forms of thalassemia may remain asymptomatic throughout life and require no special treatment. Intermediate forms of anemia may show signs of anemia and should be treated aggressively. Severe forms of anemia usually manifest themselves within a few days of birth. If a pregnant woman has a positive prenatal screening for anemia, she should also check her spouse. If both spouses are carriers of the same type of anemia, they should undergo prenatal genetic diagnosis of the fetus; if the fetus is normal or has a mild form of anemia, the pregnancy can be continued; if the fetus has an intermediate form of anemia or a severe form of anemia, the fetus will need to go to a genetics department for medical treatment. If the fetus is intermediate or severe, it will need to go to the genetic department. Positive screening for anemia should go to the hospital in a timely manner, and the doctor will make a comprehensive judgment based on the results of the examination to determine whether treatment is needed.