For the health check of kidney, we advocate three major tests: urine routine, kidney function and kidney color ultrasound, today we will talk about the significance and precautions of urine routine test first. Meaning of routine urine examination – Routine urine is a preliminary examination that cannot be ignored clinically. Many kidney diseases can show proteinuria, hematuria, white blood cells or tubular components in the urine sediment in the early stage. Once abnormal urinalysis is found, it may be a sign of kidney or urinary tract disease, and often suggests the need for further examination and treatment. Retention of urine precautions – retention of urine is very delicate, to get a reliable urine test results, have to master certain skills. 1, the time to collect urine: it is recommended to use fresh morning urine, referring to the first urine discharged early in the morning after waking up. People do not eat or drink during sleep, the composition of the morning urine will not be affected by eating, drinking, exercise in these areas, can truly reflect the health status of the human body; morning urine is usually the highest concentration of the day, a variety of abnormal components in the urine deposition will also be more, easy to detect, can improve the positive detection rate. Morning urine should be sent for testing within 1-2 hours, otherwise the various components in the urine will change over time, leading to testing errors. If you can not guarantee that the test is sent within 2 hours, it is recommended that random urine be retained, but remind us not to drink a lot of water before retaining urine, so as not to dilute the urine and affect the test results. 2, the amount of urine sent for testing: generally about 10 ml. 3, retention of specimens should be taken in the middle of the urine: the part of the urine that is in the middle of the urination process, that is, a part of the urine is discharged first to flush out the bacteria that remain in the urethra and the front urethra, the middle of the urine will be retained for testing. 4, to stay clean urine: pollution resulting in test result errors are very common. First of all, ensure that the retention container is dry and clean, and secondly, women are recommended to clean their vulva when retaining urine, avoiding menstruation to prevent leukorrhea and menstrual blood from mixing into the urine and affecting the results; men should also clean the head of the penis first to prevent prostate fluid and other secretions from mixing into the urine. The easiest way to test urine is the “test paper method”, which can only give a rough idea of the content of various components in urine, but cannot accurately determine the extent of hematuria and proteinuria, so further tests such as urine red blood cell pattern, urine protein quantification and urine protein composition analysis can be improved according to the doctor’s recommendation.