1. Definition of nocturia: Nocturia, as the name implies, is waking up at night to urinate. Regardless of how many times the patient urinates or at whatever stage it occurs, the main patient wakes up to urinate. When the act of urination occurs in the sleep state, then it is nocturnal enuresis. The main difference between them is whether or not they are awake at the time of urination. Morning urine is not considered nocturnal urination because it is the normal amount of urination produced by getting up at night from sleep. In addition, although many people consider getting up once during the night to urinate to be normal, it is still considered nocturia. For some people, getting up at night to urinate is not due to a strong urge to urinate, but the need to urinate as soon as they wake up is also considered nocturia. 2. Screening for nocturia The initial screening for nocturia needs to include detailed medical history information, including posture-related voiding behavior, medication and neurological abnormalities and sleep disturbances, as well as a history of previous related surgeries and urinary infections, and a simple urine examination and completion of related physical examinations. 3.Recommendations The patient is advised to improve lifestyle, such as reducing caffeine and ethanol intake, and reducing excessive fluid or thing intake at bedtime, but there is no need to limit total intake, as it may lead to serious consequences for failure to rule out enuresis. 4. Further evaluation Further treatment requires recording a 24-72h voiding diary, time of voiding, and type of fluid intake, as well as recording the time of bedtime and waking, and the patient’s evaluation of the quality of sleep each night. If a sleep disorder is suspected, a nocturnal multichannel sleep scan should be surnamed. The pathogenesis of these disorders is unclear and may be related to polyuria or frequent awakenings at night to urinate.