The presence of a mass in the cervix should be considered as a possible cause of cervical leiomyoma. Cervical leiomyoma occurs in the patient’s cervix and can cause difficulty in urination or urinary retention, and if the size of the cervical leiomyoma is particularly large, it may lead to obstruction of the ureter, resulting in dilatation of the ureter or even hydronephrosis. Cervical fibroids can be identified by ultrasound as well as gynecological internal examination and require surgical treatment if necessary. Cervical mass must be excluded from malignant cervical lesions, that is, cervical cancer, especially in patients with ectopic cervical cancer, cauliflower-like, bad and brittle cancerous tissues can be seen at the external cervical opening, while patients with endogenous cervical cancer can show obvious bulging and enlarging of the cervix, and ultrasound suggests that there may be cervical mass, which can be clarified through cervical biopsy to see whether there is cervical cancer in the patient. The most common cervical masses are cervical leiomyoma and cervical cancer, and there may be some other clinical diagnosis, which need to be clarified after relevant examination.