The surface of vocal fold leukoplakia is not smooth, which can only indicate the degree of keratinization and inflammatory reaction of the mucosa, and whether it is serious or not needs to be clearly diagnosed by pathological examination. Vocal fold leukoplakia refers to the white patch-like manifestation of laryngeal mucosal epithelial hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis, which has a certain malignant rate and is considered as precancerous lesion. Vocal cord leukoplakia cancer is a gradual process. Vocal cord white spots are divided into three stages from appearance to cancer, i.e. vocal cord white spots without heteroplasia stage, heteroplasia stage and severe heteroplasia cancer stage. It is recommended that patients should go to regular hospitals to complete relevant examinations, follow the doctor’s instructions to standardize the treatment of primary diseases, and if necessary, take pathological examination to clarify the pathological type of white spots to guide further treatment.