Vector-borne biological control has always been one of the important elements of patriotic health work. Many vector-borne diseases have also become an important part of the statutory infectious diseases in China. At present, we have carried out systematic monitoring and comprehensive prevention and control of important vector-borne diseases such as plague, malaria, dengue fever, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, B encephalitis, schistosomiasis, etc. I. Background of vector-borne disease prevention and control; At the beginning of the founding of New China, vector-borne diseases such as plague, schistosomiasis, malaria and lymphatic filariasis were widespread and posed a serious threat to people’s health. According to the records, the plague affected most of the country at that time, and the annual average number of sicknesses and deaths from 1900 to 1949 was about 20,000. Malaria, filariasis and schistosomiasis were widely prevalent in the areas south of the Yellow River Basin in China, and the number of people who contracted them was in the tens of millions. In particular, during the Korean War, the U.S. Army carried out “germ warfare” in northeastern China and other places, seriously threatening the health of our people. In order to stop the spread of diseases and consolidate the new regime, the old proletarian revolutionaries launched a patriotic health campaign, and in 1952 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China established the “Central Patriotic Health Campaign Committee”, with Zhou Enlai as the first director. The patriotic health movement, with the main content of “eliminating the four pests, hygiene, and eliminating diseases”, was carried out vigorously throughout the country, contributing to the elimination of diseases, changing customs, transforming the country, and achieving higher health performance at a lower cost. Through continuous efforts, vector-borne diseases were effectively controlled in the country. Interpersonal plague basically disappeared by around 1958, and the number of cases has basically remained at single-digit level since the 21st century, mainly concentrated in the western part of China. 2007 saw China take the lead in eliminating the disease from 83 lymphatic filariasis-endemic countries. 2010 saw China set the goal of eliminating malaria from the country by 2020, and the number of reported malaria cases in China has continued to remain below 10,000 in recent years. Acute cases of schistosomiasis infection are now rare, and many provinces have reached the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis. The number of cases of B encephalitis and epidemic hemorrhagic fever has dropped significantly through immunization programs or large-scale vaccination, and has been kept below 10,000 in recent years. Second, vector-borne disease prevention and control threats and response: With the improvement of living standards, the public’s health needs continue to improve, the requirements for the prevention and control of infectious diseases also continue to increase, to further increase the prevention and control of vector-borne diseases. Now the prevalence of vector-borne diseases in China is still mainly the following situation. (a) Global vector-borne diseases are still rampant, with increased risk and pressure of importation. According to a 2013 report by the World Health Organization, there were nearly 90 million cases of malaria worldwide in 2012, including more than 4.6 million cases in Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific. 2.3 million cases of dengue fever were reported worldwide in 2010, and they are expanding in Asia, the Americas and Europe. An estimated 500,000 severe cases require treatment each year, most of them children, and the morbidity and mortality rate of these cases is around 2.5%. China has made remarkable achievements in malaria control, but due to the significant increase in business workers to Africa, Southeast Asia and other highly endemic areas of the disease in recent years, more than 90% of reported cases of the disease in China have been imported from this region in recent years, putting great pressure on malaria prevention and control in China. The dengue fever epidemic in China has been a local epidemic caused by imported cases, and in 2013, due to a major outbreak of dengue fever in Southeast Asia, it caused dengue fever epidemics in Guangdong and Yunnan in China, and the number of cases exceeded the accumulation of the past ten years, while the epidemic area expanded north to Henan Province. (B) traditional vector-borne diseases are still prevalent in China, and control strategies need to be changed. In recent years, the number of cases of many traditional vector-borne diseases in China has steadily decreased, but the epidemic is still widespread, with uneven control across the country and recurrence in some areas. Due to changes in climate and environmental conditions, the proportion of epidemic hemorrhagic fever is rising in the southern region, while the proportion of BSE is also rising in the northern region. These infectious diseases are prevalent at low levels, and cases are mostly disseminated in remote rural areas. In order to consolidate and improve the level of prevention and control on the existing basis, government departments need to remain vigilant and carry out continuous surveillance to keep track of the epidemic trends; at the same time, they should develop new vector-borne disease control strategies based on the current status of the epidemic, increase health education campaigns targeting families, popularize relevant disease prevention knowledge, and raise population health awareness and disease prevention awareness. (C) the constant threat of new infectious diseases, the need to respond in advance. New vector-borne diseases are emerging globally, and new outbreaks of vector-borne diseases that have already occurred in China include chikungunya fever, possible importation of West Nile fever, fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome found in our country, and other anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, and Baltongue-related diseases transmitted through ticks. For these vector-borne diseases that have emerged or are likely to emerge in our country, we need to conduct relevant investigations and surveillance to keep abreast of the importation situation and gain a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiological background. On this basis, we can identify the areas and sensitive populations that may be threatened by each infectious disease, so that relevant prevention and control policies and strategies can be formulated. In response to the above-mentioned epidemic status and various challenges, we need to strengthen the prevention and control of vector-borne diseases through the following relevant ways. First, we should continue to strengthen the surveillance, control and research of vector-borne diseases to keep abreast of the epidemic situation, control the development of the epidemic, and study new countermeasures and strategies; second, we should keep abreast of the epidemic situation of vector-borne diseases in neighboring countries, provide timely travel health advice, and keep track of the importation of vector-borne diseases; third, we should strengthen the health promotion of vector-borne disease prevention and control in key areas. Third, to strengthen the health propaganda of vector-borne disease prevention and control in key areas, to design more effective propaganda contents according to the living habits and prevalence situation of each place, to raise the awareness of local residents about vector-borne diseases, to disseminate effective prevention and control means, and to raise hygiene awareness and disease prevention awareness as a family unit, so as to effectively reduce the occurrence of vector-borne diseases. Third, several common vector-borne diseases and their vectors (a) malaria The vector of malaria is the Anopheles mosquito, the so-called sharp-tongued mosquito. These mosquitoes stop when the body and the landing surface is 45 degrees angle, while the general mosquitoes stop when the body and the landing surface is basically parallel. China’s malaria vector mosquitoes are mainly Anopheles sinensis, whose larvae mainly breed in rice paddies, ponds and large artificial containers. Adult mosquitoes are mainly active in livestock sheds, mainly sucking livestock blood, supplemented by sucking human blood. Blood sucking time mainly for dusk and night. (B) dengue fever dengue fever vector for Aedes aegypti, China has Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti. Aedes albopictus is widely distributed in the eastern part of China, Aedes aegypti is mainly present in the tropical areas of China. Both mosquitoes have black and white pattern, commonly known as the flower mosquito. And is the daytime activities, bite blood-sucking vigilance is high, not easy to catch. Its larvae mainly in the indoor and artificial containers around the room in the stagnant water breeding, adults are mainly in the indoor and human room around the activity. They mainly feed on human blood, and the peak of blood sucking is in the afternoon before dusk, but they can suck blood during the day. (C) B encephalitis B encephalitis mosquito vector is mainly three with the beak mosquito, is a smaller size of the mosquito. Its larvae are mainly in rice fields, ponds and fountains in standing water. Adults mainly inhabited in livestock sheds, to suck pig blood. Less in the human room. The main blood sucking time is in the evening. (D) epidemic hemorrhagic fever epidemic hemorrhagic fever host animals for rodents, in China to spread the epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus rodents are mainly black-line gerbils and brown house mice. Among them, the black threaded gopher is distributed in the Yangtze River basin and areas north of China, and the density is high in farmland, especially at the time of autumn harvest, the rodents will concentrate around the village with the harvested grain, and the chance of spreading the virus to people is greatly increased. Brown house mice are domestic rodents and are mainly active indoors. It is generally believed that epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus can contaminate crops and grain through rodent excreta and infect humans in the form of aerosols. Therefore, in the autumn harvest, handling the freshly harvested grain or straw, you need to strengthen your sense of personal protection, while paying attention to rest to avoid fatigue. Fourth, common vector biological control knowledge (a) mosquito control 1, remove breeding sites. Community outside the environment to mobilize the masses to work together to remove mosquito breeding sites, mainly including the removal of a variety of waste debris, all cans, mineral water bottles, buckets, pools and other containers in front of the house can accumulate water to thoroughly clean up the vacant containers stored upside down to prevent mosquito breeding; bonsai, fountains, fish ponds and other community outdoor landscape water bodies to fully clean up the garbage floating, can often change the water; to regularly Dredging community ditches, manholes, drains to maintain no stagnant water, wells to seal, sewer well cover can use anti-mosquito stickers, regular inspection of the basement, timely exclusion of stagnant water to prevent mosquito breeding; to regularly dredge residential building rooftops and other places such as drainage holes and pipes, should be promptly cleared after the rain, to maintain no stagnant water. 2, biological prevention. Community fountains, pools and other large bodies of water that can not be discharged can use biological mosquito control, feeding such as wicker fish, goldfish, carp, carp carp, Chinese fighting fish, African carp, etc., can swallow mosquito larvae, to achieve the purpose of mosquito control. You can also use Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus sphericus and other biological mosquito larvae kill mosquito larvae. 3, chemical prevention. For the inability to remove stagnant water or water bodies, can not be sealed wells, sewers, fountains and other outdoor landscape water bodies in various communities, can put mosquito larvae granules to kill mosquito larvae, a cast can be maintained for about 20 days. If necessary, in trees, bushes and other mosquitoes at high density available ultra-low volume spray or hot smoke for space spray treatment to kill adult mosquitoes, the best choice for mosquitoes at dusk peak time of adult mosquito activity. Air-raid shelters, basements, sewers, carports and residential buildings, all kinds of pipelines, can also be stagnant spraying to kill adult mosquitoes. 4, family mosquito prevention. Residents family vase and water plants at least once a week a thorough change of water, to thoroughly clean up the air conditioning tray, the bottom of the flower pot dish (tray child) water, clear pour idle flower pots and buckets and other vessels within the stagnant water, weekly inspection of the bathroom and kitchen floor drains or replace the function of impermeable and other safety floor drains, to maintain the floor drain without stagnant water. The room can be installed screen doors and windows to stop mosquitoes from flying in, you can also use mosquito nets to reduce human mosquito contact. A small number of mosquitoes into the room can use electric mosquito racket or aerosol cans to kill directly, you can also use electric mosquito liquid (tablets) to prevent and kill mosquitoes. The best use of mosquito nets when sleeping at night, in infected areas can use insecticide-soaked mosquito nets. In the external environment, you can use mosquito repellent to prevent mosquitoes, you can apply mosquito repellent or repellent with DEET as the main ingredient on the exposed skin, one application can maintain the effect of mosquito avoidance for 2-3 hours. 5, special matters. Malaria is prevalent in Africa and southeastern subtropical regions, so it is necessary to know the local malaria epidemic situation when traveling and working in these regions, try to do a good job of personal protection and use mosquito repellent scientifically. In case of fever and chills, you should seek medical treatment in a timely manner. If you have traveled or worked in a dengue endemic area, you should consult a doctor and explain your travel status when you return home with fever symptoms. Children are at high risk for BSE, and BSE vaccination is the best protection measure. (B) Fly control 1. Breeding site management. The most important thing for fly control is to manage the garbage well. The garbage should be managed separately, disposed of in a timely manner, and managed in an airtight manner with daily production. At the same time, we must do a good job in the treatment of feces and management of toilets, improve the facilities of flushing toilets (public toilets), septic tanks and sewage treatment and discharge systems, closed cesspools, regular spraying of drugs, improve the quality of environmental health of toilets; need to clean flower pots (pots), flower beds and green belts, remove loose exposed garbage, do a good job in the collection, compression and transportation of food waste to prevent the breeding of flies. 2, fly prevention facilities and physical prevention. The entrance to key environments such as hotels, restaurants, kitchens, farmers’ markets and home windows and doors should be installed with fly-proof curtains, screen doors and windows or wind curtains to prevent flies from entering. A small number of flies entering the room can be killed by physical means such as fly swatters, fly lights, electric fly swatters, etc. 3. Chemical prevention. For fly breeding places such as garbage heaps and toilets, when the density of flies is high, space spray treatment can be used to kill adult flies in the external environment; for places such as dwellings, refuse collection points and basements, lingering spray treatment walls can be used to kill adult flies. (C) cockroach prevention 1, environmental prevention. Good indoor hygiene, comprehensive removal of indoor debris; plugging holes and wiping seams, the cracks of the walls where cockroaches can hide, door and window frames, flooring seams and all kinds of pipe gaps and other cracks are timely filled and blocked to prevent cockroaches from invading the room. The surface and corners of objects where cockroaches often rest are often scrubbed to remove their feces and residue. The physical prevention system. The key parts of the indoor cockroaches are often active, such as cabinets, microwave ovens, refrigerators, washing pools and other lower part of the sticky cockroach paper can be placed sticky cockroaches, can put some bread crumbs on the sticky cockroach paper as bait, etc. 3, chemical prevention. In places where the density of cockroaches is reduced, you can use glue bait or poisonous bait, following the principle of “more points, less amount, wider”, the various crevices inhabited by cockroaches are treated with glue bait, and poisonous bait is put in the parts frequented by cockroaches, 1-2 points per square meter (the size of green beans), 10 points in general rooms, and not less than 20 points in rooms with serious hazards. 20 dots. Aerosol can also be used to spray directly on the crevices where cockroaches are found or live cockroaches. When the density of cockroaches is high, the density can be rapidly reduced by using stagnant spraying. (D) Rat prevention and control 1. Rat prevention facilities. The first thing is to prevent rats from entering the room. All the holes connected with the outside world of the building should be closed; sewers, ventilation pipes, lines and other road openings leading to the interior and exterior are equipped with rodent-proof nets to prevent rats from scurrying in; the gaps between indoor doors and windows must be less than 0.6cm, the lower section of the doors of warehouses, storerooms, granaries, elevator rooms should be wrapped in iron, with a height of not less than 30cm; to ensure that the walls of the building are intact without holes, caves and cluttered piles. 2, physical and chemical rodent control . Rat extermination methods mainly include chemical methods and physical methods, physical methods are mainly the use of rat traps, rat cages, sticky boards, etc. to capture rats. Chemical methods mainly use chronic rodenticides such as bromadiolone rodent poison bait, the bait will be placed in the bait station, through the rat feeding, kill rats. Note that when exterminating rats, to collect food, cut off the food source of rats, to improve the effectiveness of rodent control. (E) bed bug prevention and control 1. to prevent the invasion of bed bugs. First, we should check the luggage of outsiders, furniture and other items should be checked, travel or relocation, but also carefully check the luggage and old furniture to prevent the entry of if, adult insects and eggs. Second, we should improve environmental hygiene, eradicate the habitat of bedbugs. For example, house walls, floors and other gaps where bedbugs can hide and breed with lime, cement and other plugging and regular brushing of the wall; often wash and dry clothes, sheets, sheets, mats, etc. 2, physical prevention. First, manual trapping method. Constantly knocking bed frame, bed mat, bookcase, mattress pad, etc., the bedbugs from the hidden shock down, and then kill. Second, the boiling water scalding method. Boiling water to pour scalding bedpan, grass mats, bookcases and furniture and other crevices, boiling water soaked clothing and other cotton fabrics, can quickly kill bedbugs of all ages and eggs. Third, the sun exposure method. In the summer, the clothes, beds, cabinets, etc. placed in the sunlight exposure, so that bedbugs killed by high temperature sunlight or crawl out. 3, chemical prevention. Commonly used insecticides such as deltamethrin, cypermethrin, residual killing and so on can be used. Currently, the drug that has been registered with the Ministry of Agriculture is 2.5% deltamethrin (Kaisuling wettable powder), which can be diluted 50-80 times with water and sprayed on bed boards, closets, grass mats and so on. People can also buy insecticide for killing cockroaches to kill bedbugs. The powder can be evenly sprinkled on the floor cracks, bed boards, furniture cracks, etc. The agent can also be mixed with water to make a thin paste or used in the form of emulsions and other agents to paint and spray in the cracks of walls, closets, and bed boards. The method has a lasting effectiveness in killing bedbugs. (F) tick control 1, environmental control and chemical control. Adult ticks suck blood and then mating to the ground, crawl in the grass roots, tree roots, animal sheds, etc., and lay eggs in the surface crevices. Therefore the main prevention system is to improve environmental health. Remove weeds and clean livestock enclosures. Some ticks usually live in the walls of the barn, the ground, the cracks in the feeding trough, should block all the cracks and small holes in the barn, blocking before the withdrawal of tick-killing drugs to the cracks, and then cement, lime, yellow clay blocking, and fresh lime milk powder brush stables; with tick-killing liquid to the walls, doors, windows, columns in the pen do stagnant spraying, keep the barn dry. 2, personal protection. Should try to avoid sitting and lying for a long time in the main habitat of ticks such as grass, woods and other environments. If you need to enter such areas, you should pay attention to good personal protection, wear long-sleeved clothes; tighten the pant legs or tuck them into socks or shoes; wear light-colored clothes can be easy to find whether there are ticks attached; knitted clothing surface should be as smooth as possible, so that ticks are not easy to adhere; do not wear sandals. Applying repellents to exposed skin, such as DEET (recommended only for people over 2 years of age), can remain effective for several hours. Soak or spray camping equipment such as clothes and tents with insecticides, such as permethrin, repellents containing mosquito repellent, etc. There are very few ticks living in urban areas, except for large parks and areas with lush vegetation, and there is no need to worry too much about contracting the disease by living in the city. However, when traveling with your pet to areas where ticks live, in addition to personal protection, it is important to carefully check your pet’s body surface for ticks when you leave. If you find ticks attached to the body, you can not immediately remove them with tools such as tweezers, the correct method is to hurry to find the nearest formal hospital, instructing doctors to disinfect the bite after local anesthesia, anesthesia takes effect before the ticks can be removed with tweezers. 1. What are the dangers of mosquitoes? First of all, mosquitoes can spread many diseases, such as malaria, B encephalitis and hemorrhagic fever is known as mosquito-borne infectious diseases. Secondly, mosquitoes can also bite through the harassment, endangering the normal life of people. 2, urban areas are common “mosquitoes” is what mosquitoes, what harm? City common mosquitoes called Aedes albopictus, it likes to come out during the day, in the temporary small water breeding, fierce habits, also known as “Asian tiger mosquito”, can spread dengue fever. 3, mosquitoes like to bite what people? First, in general, the breathing rate is faster, that is to say, exhale more carbon dioxide people are prone to mosquitoes, this has been a lot of experimental evidence, if you breathe faster exhale more carbon dioxide, then the attraction of mosquitoes is certainly very strong. It is also the use of such a feature, there are now many mosquito devices using carbon dioxide to lure booby-trapped mosquitoes. The second, easy to sweat body temperature is relatively high people. Sweating a lot of sweat will bring out a lot of gas molecules, body surface amino acid elevation, these components will play a good role in attracting mosquitoes, mosquitoes tactile glands have a very strong body odor odor receptors, can be very sensitive to capture the molecules of these breath, and find the target. If you are prone to sweating while the body temperature is high, it is easier to attract mosquitoes. There is a class of people with fat bodies, generally speaking, fat people tend to sweat more breathing rate is also fast, excrement secretion is strong, such people are also prone to mosquitoes. Children are also more likely to attract mosquitoes relative to adults, the main reason is that children’s metabolism is faster, secretion is strong, so easy to attract mosquitoes. If there are some inattention to details of life and behavior will also cause us to become easy to attract mosquitoes, such as wearing black clothes easy to attract mosquitoes, mainly a mosquito termite Yi mosquito, the words of the people for the flower mosquitoes, such mosquitoes like dark color, if you wear black clothes, then easy to be bitten. 4, how to prevent mosquito breeding? Mosquitoes have several conditions must have to survive, first of all, we must emphasize that mosquitoes favorite breeding ground is a place with water, we know that the mosquito’s life has four periods, from its eggs, larvae, pupae to the last long mature, of which there are three periods in the water. So water is very important to the survival of mosquitoes, we have to start from the side, to remove all kinds of stagnant water, to avoid mosquito breeding. 5, how to prevent mosquitoes at home? First of all, to improve the mosquito prevention facilities, before the arrival of summer, check their own home screen windows, screen doors are intact, if necessary to repair. Second, a small number of mosquitoes into the home can be killed by physical means such as electric fly swatters, the elderly and children’s families can use mosquito nets to prevent mosquitoes. Finally, you can also use liquid mosquito incense, aerosol cans, etc. to kill adult mosquitoes. 6.How to prevent mosquitoes when going out in summer? In order to prevent mosquito bites, to go outdoors we generally recommend that some repellent, if the simple flower lotion strictly speaking no mosquito repellent effect. We must look at its active ingredients, if the ingredients inside the most commonly used ingredient such as mosquito repellent amine, if this ingredient added to the flower water into mosquito repellent flower water, for mosquito prevention is effective. Mosquito repellent is generally speaking in the field activities when the repellent wipe in exposed parts such as arms, calves, which is easy to be mosquito bites. General mosquito repellent protection time up to two to four hours, but of course, depending on the person. Some people have a fast metabolism, sweat and sweat more will also dilute, we recommend going outdoors when applying mosquito repellent. 7, how should I use liquid mosquito incense at home? When using liquid mosquito incense, we recommend that as far as possible in the room on the air duct, through the wind can be the entire smell of mosquito incense diffuse in the whole room inside. On the use of such products, mosquito incense in the air circulation environment is mainly on the role of mosquito repellent, no role in killing mosquitoes, mainly repellent. To kill mosquitoes how to do? You can close the doors and windows on the mosquito incense, point on two to four hours, the doors and windows closed after people leave the room, the release of mosquito incense to a certain extent can kill the role of mosquitoes, which is the characteristics of mosquito incense. 8.Why should we carry out cockroach extermination in winter? Because cockroaches like to live in warm places, therefore, the main distribution and concentration of cockroaches in the winter at the heat source, when the cockroach can receive twice the result with half the effort. 9.Why do we need to unify the cockroach extermination? Cockroaches are active, see the seams, cockroaches will follow the pipes, door cracks, wall cracks to spread home. The most effective way to kill cockroaches is to act in a unified manner, and the best effect is to exterminate the whole unit and the whole building. 10.Why can I always see dead cockroaches after the cockroach extermination service? No matter what kind of drugs are needed to exterminate cockroaches, especially stomach-toxic drugs, cockroaches will gradually die only after 1-7 days after taking poisonous bait or bait. Therefore, it is still possible to see live cockroaches within 1-3 days after the professionals finish exterminating cockroaches, and later on, as cockroaches are gradually poisoned, dead cockroaches will gradually increase, so the public should collect and dispose of dead cockroaches in time. 11.How to dispose of cockroach corpses? Since female cockroaches may carry egg clips and can reproduce quickly, it is best to dispose of them by incineration (attention to fire prevention is required). 12.How should I use the cockroach bait? The bait is a stomach-toxic long-acting cockroach exterminator that can be used in a variety of environments, and has the characteristics of good cockroach extermination effect, convenient use, low dosage, long duration, and can be applied on the wall surface. The professionals should follow the principle of “more points, less quantity and wider surface” when applying the drug, the amount of each point is the size of a green bean, the density of cockroaches or areas with more gaps can increase the density of the bait points, the back of the refrigerator, the back of the cabinet, the back of the electrical radiator, the back of the garbage can, the back of the heater, the back of the hood, etc. are the key areas for bait placement. At the same time to ensure that the bait point can cover the entire kitchen. After the professionals have applied the bait, people should avoid washing the walls or floors with water. In the area where the bait is placed, the bait can no longer be placed. 13.How should sticky cockroach paper be used? Sticky cockroach paper is a physical apparatus to exterminate cockroaches, with the characteristics of no pollution and long effect, but the effect of exterminating cockroaches is not as good as chemical methods, and it is an ideal supplement to other methods of exterminating cockroaches. It should be used in combination with other methods instead of alone. In order to improve the effect of cockroach extermination, a small amount of food lure (bread crumbs, ground coffee, etc.) can be placed on the sticky cockroach paper. The sticky cockroach paper should be placed in a dry environment, and attention should be paid to moisture prevention and avoid water rushing. Sticky cockroach paper can continue to be used as long as the stickiness exists. If a small amount of cockroaches are stuck, don’t throw away the sticky paper because the cockroaches have the habit of gathering and continue to use it for better effect. If a large number of cockroaches are stuck (cockroaches cover more than 1/3 of the sticky paper), please dispose of the sticky paper. 14.How to use the cockroach bait? The principle of cockroach bait is the same as that of the bait, and the principle of “more points, less quantity and wider area” should be followed when applying the bait, with 5 points per gram (about 0.2 grams per point). The method of application is similar to that of gluebait. It is best to use small containers (such as bottle caps) to hold the bait, and to avoid splashing water on the bait to prevent it from getting moldy and causing cockroaches to refuse to eat it. Do not put poisonous bait in the area where the bait is put. 15. How long should I keep the cockroach control drugs? To ensure the effect of cockroach extermination, keep the medication for at least 1 to 2 months during the period of cockroach extermination, and at the same time, collect the food, clean up the garbage, and remove and burn the dead cockroaches in time. 16. What are the most common cockroaches in Beijing households? The most common cockroach in Beijing homes is the German cockroach, and in some areas there are American cockroaches in the sewer lines. 17. How many kinds of pathogenic bacteria can cockroaches carry? According to the survey, cockroaches carry more than 40 kinds of disease-causing bacteria, such as plague bacillus, dysentery bacillus, Escherichia coli and many kinds of worm eggs such as roundworms, nematodes, windworms and whipworms; cockroaches can also spread bacteria of hepatitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, intestinal diseases, gastritis and other diseases and cause food poisoning; they are also one of the factors that induce asthma and allergies in humans. Therefore, cockroaches are the culprits of transmitting many diseases. 18. In what way do cockroaches transmit diseases? It is mechanical feeding and crawling transmission. It eats a variety of food: garbage, excrement, food, everything; a wide range of aggression: garbage, toilets, kitchens, restaurants where to go, cabinets, containers, food where to crawl. The cockroach vice is to eat, crawl, while excrement, cockroaches are one of the main culprits of the spread of disease. 19. Where do cockroaches like to move around? The cockroach is ambulatory and likes warmth, water, food and hidden gaps and holes. Such as kitchens, stoves, pipes, cracks in walls, cabinets, furniture, cracks in appliances, etc. 20. How do cockroaches enter the home? Cockroaches can enter the home through gaps in doors, windows, walls, ventilation holes, cables, pipes or through moving furniture, luggage, packing boxes, food bags and various items that may be passed. 21. Why are cockroaches so difficult to exterminate? Because cockroaches spend 75% of their time hiding in all kinds of crevices, they are not suitable to be caught and killed, and because they are prone to drug resistance, have a special way of laying eggs and have a strong reproductive capacity, they often appear again after a period of time. 22. What are the main ants in Beijing? Ants can be found in residential houses, hotels, stores, cafeterias, hospitals and outside environments in Beijing. There are nine species of ants, namely, brown and yellow house ants, Chinese small house ants, broad knotted giant head ants, diamond knotted giant head ants, yellow hair ants, black hair ants, bright hair ants, Gee’s sour odor ants and pavement ants. 23. What are the most common ants found in Beijing homes? The most common ant found in Beijing homes is the brown and yellow house ant, also known as the small yellow house ant, small house ant, and small red ant. 24. Where do the brown and yellow house ants like to roost and move around? Most of the nesting places are in depressions where nests can be formed, such as wall cracks, furniture cracks, refrigerator compressors, cracks next to sinks, and the contact between heating pipes and walls, and electrical wires and walls. Their activity sites are related to food storage locations, with the highest density in cabinets. 25. What kind of food do ants like to eat? Ants love to eat sweet food and high protein food with fishy smell, such as honey, brown sugar, watermelon rind, date core, pear core, cake, rotten egg, meat, sausage, animal carcass (turtle, fly, beetle, cricket), fish, shrimp, crab meat, phlegm, pus and blood, garbage, etc. 26. What is the activity pattern of house ants? Ants that live inside the house can be active throughout the seasons. The number of small yellow house ants in the nest varies steadily from March to September each year, and decreases after October when the outdoor air becomes colder. 27. Can ants transmit diseases? According to the survey, ants can carry more than 20 kinds of pathogenic bacteria, including: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Rhodococcus, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, S. typhi, S. dysenteriae, S. plague, etc. Ants contaminate food with bacteria through mechanical transmission when feeding, causing gastrointestinal diseases. 28. Do ants bite? Ants can bite and can have serious effects on sensitive people, especially children and patients who have difficulty moving. Babies in particular are attracted to ants by their body secretions and are more likely to be bitten. 29. How do ants get into my home? Ants can enter your home through cracks in doors, windows, walls, vents, cables, pipes or by moving furniture, packing boxes, food bags and various items that may be passed through. 30. Why is the best way to eradicate ant infestation is poisonous baiting? “Although insecticide can kill a lot of worker ants, if you don’t get rid of the king, the worker ants will continue to live in the cave. Therefore, the best way to eradicate the ant infestation is to use poisonous bait to lure the ants back to the nest and the queen will die after feeding on it. 31. How to use poisonous bait? The best way to use the bait is to put it in a bottle or plastic box and place it in a place where ants are often active, 4 or 5 piles per room. Generally, it will be effective after 7-10 days. 32. How long should I keep the ant control medicine? To ensure the effect of ant extermination, keep the medicine for at least 1 to 2 months during the period of ant extermination. Meanwhile, collect the food and clean up the garbage.