Acute asthma attack, rapid relief methods include, rapid detachment from allergens, nebulized inhalation of short-acting β2 agonists, short-acting anticholinergics, hormone suspension, such as salbutamol, ipratropium bromide, budesonide, etc. Ineffective can be used orally or intravenously glucocorticosteroids, oxygen inhalation, mechanical ventilation, etc., depending on the condition of the patient.
1. Mild: inhalation of short-acting β2 agonists, such as salbutamol, inhalation of 1 to 2 sprays every 20 minutes during the first hour, and then adjusted to 1 to 2 sprays every 3 to 4 hours, and when the effect is not good, can be added with slow-release theophylline tablets, or added to the short-acting anticholinergic nebulization, such as ipratropium bromide.
2. Moderate: nebulized inhalation of short-acting β2 agonists, such as salbutamol, continuous nebulized inhalation in the first hour; combined with nebulized short-acting anticholinergics, such as ipratropium bromide; inhalation of hormones, such as budesonide, if the effect is not good, oral glucocorticosteroids, such as prednisolone, and oxygen should be taken in time.
3. Severe to critical: continuous nebulized inhalation of short-acting β2 agonists, short-acting anticholinergics, and hormone suspension, such as salbutamol, ipratropium bromide, budesonide, along with oxygen inhalation, and early intravenous glucocorticosteroids, such as methylprednisolone, and when the above treatments are ineffective, mechanical ventilation should be performed as soon as possible.
Therefore, when an acute attack of asthma, the patient should first get out of the allergic environment, and at the same time, consult a doctor in time, under the guidance of the doctor as soon as possible, so as not to delay the condition.