High leukocytes in routine urine is defined as a leukocyte count of more than 5×10^9/L per high-powered field of view, which generally indicates the presence of a urinary tract infection. Normal people also have a small amount of leukocytes in their urine, which are observed by applying a microscope and generally do not exceed 5×10^9/L per high-powered field of view; if they exceed 5×10^9/L they are called elevated leukocytes. Leukocytes are an indicator of inflammation, just like leukocytes in blood, which are elevated when there is an infection in the blood, and leukocytes in urine are elevated when there is an infection in the urine. Therefore, the presence of leukocytes in the urine is generally indicative of the presence of a urinary tract infection. Urinary tract infections range from the relatively mild acute cystitis to the more serious acute pyelonephritis. Once elevated white blood cells in the urine are detected, it is important to combine this with whether the patient has symptoms of urinary tract infection associated with back pain, fever, frequent urination, urinary urgency, and painful urination. If these symptoms are present, the diagnosis of urinary tract infection is confirmed and antibiotics need to be given for anti-infective treatment. After antibiotic anti-infection treatment, the majority of patients can be cured, so the presence of white blood cells in the urine does not need to be overly worried.