Disorientation refers to the impairment of the patient’s perception of time, place, surrounding people and themselves. Self-directional disorder is one of them. Self-orientation is the ability to recognize people as well as one’s own state. It is the loss of the ability to recognize or misperceive one’s own state. Disorientation disorders are mostly seen in various organic psychiatric disorders. It is often considered to be one of the symptoms of organic syndromes and is also seen in people with mental retardation, such as Alzheimer’s disease and people with mental retardation, as well as in functional neuropathies and neurographic disorders. What are the tests for self-direction disorder? Electroencephalogram (EEG) The EEG of AD is characterized by decreased alpha waves, increased theta waves, and decreased mean frequency. However, 14% of patients have normal EEG in the early stages of the disease. EEG is used in the differential diagnosis of AD and can provide early evidence of prion disease or suggest the possible presence of toxic-metabolic abnormalities, transient epileptic amnesia or other epileptic disorders. Cerebrospinal fluid testing 1. Cerebrospinal fluid cell count, protein, glucose, and protein electrophoresis analysis: testing should be performed in those with suspected vasculitis, infection, or demyelinating disease. Patients with rapidly progressive dementia should have a 14-3-3 protein test, which can help in the diagnosis of prion disease. 2, cerebrospinal fluid β-amyloid, Tau protein detection: AD patients have decreased levels of β-amyloid (Aβ42) in the cerebrospinal fluid (due to the deposition of Aβ42 in the brain, which reduces the amount of Aβ42 in the cerebrospinal fluid) and increased total tau protein or phosphorylated tau protein. Studies have shown that the sensitivity of Aβ42 diagnosis is 86% and specificity is 90%; the sensitivity of total tau protein diagnosis is 81% and specificity is 90%; the sensitivity of phosphorylated tau protein diagnosis is 80% and specificity is 92%; the sensitivity of combined Aβ42 and total tau protein diagnosis of AD compared with control is up to 85-94% and specificity is 83-100%. These markers can be used to support the diagnosis of AD, but have low specificity (39-90%) when differentiating AD from other dementia diagnoses. There is a lack of uniform testing and sample processing methods. Genetic testing Genetic testing can provide a reference for diagnosis. Mutations in the amyloid precursor protein gene (APP) and progerin 1 and 2 genes (PS1 and PS2) account for 50% of familial early-onset AD. Apolipoprotein ApoE4 gene testing can be used as a reference for sporadic AD.