Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common and serious arrhythmias in clinical practice. As our society develops and the population ages, the incidence of atrial fibrillation is gradually increasing, and the trend is younger. So, who are the people who are prone to atrial fibrillation? In this article, we will talk about the people who are prone to atrial fibrillation with the latest guidelines related to atrial fibrillation. People with hypertension Epidemiological studies have shown that hypertension is the most important risk factor for patients with atrial fibrillation. The risk of atrial fibrillation is significantly increased in patients with chronic hypertension and poor blood pressure control, and the mechanism may be related to increased left atrial pressure, interstitial fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. With regard to the choice of different types of antihypertensive drugs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers may be beneficial in reducing the incidence of atrial fibrillation. Second, the population with diabetes mellitus Diabetes mellitus is a frequent co-morbidity with atrial fibrillation. It can cause atrial stromal fibrosis, slow electrical conduction, and contribute to atrial remodeling,, but available studies suggest that aggressive glycemic control does not affect the incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation. In terms of drug selection, metformin appears to reduce the probability of atrial fibrillation and stroke in diabetic patients. Third, overweight or obese people Overweight or obesity leads to significant atrial remodeling and is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation episodes as well as recurrence after catheter ablation. For every increase in body mass index BMI, the incidence of atrial fibrillation increases by 3% to 7%, and the recurrence rate of catheter ablation increases by 3.1%. Obesity is also associated with higher X-ray radiation doses and complication rates during catheter ablation. Several recent studies have shown that weight control can reduce the load of atrial fibrillation. In obese patients with atrial fibrillation, survival without atrial arrhythmic events can be increased sixfold if weight loss of 10% or more is achieved and weight is stable. Therefore, active weight control is beneficial for patients with atrial fibrillation. In the general population aged 30 to 60 years, about 24% of men and 9% of women have sleep apnea. The proportion of patients with atrial fibrillation who have combined sleep apnea is as high as 32% to 39%. Epidemiological statistics show that the onset and progression of AF is positively correlated with the severity of sleep apnea. Mechanisms that may contribute to a greater susceptibility to AF in patients with sleep apnea include hypoxemia, autonomic dysfunction, and hypercapnia. Patients with sleep apnea have more extra-pulmonary venous triggers and a higher recurrence rate after catheter ablation than patients with normal atrial fibrillation. Alcohol intake is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation, thromboembolic events, and recurrence after catheter ablation. The more frequently alcohol is consumed, the higher the corresponding risk of morbidity. Alcohol toxicity can lead to myocardial fibrosis, which can lead to left atrial scarring and extra-pulmonary vein trigger foci. Limiting alcohol consumption should be an important part of the management of patients with atrial fibrillation. People with too little or too much exercise are at increased risk of atrial fibrillation episodes with both too little and too much exercise. The mechanism may be related to inflammatory response, fibrosis, etc. A sedentary lifestyle increases the incidence of atrial fibrillation fivefold. Increasing the intensity of activity in such patients may reduce the risk. One study showed that only 12 weeks of moderate-intensity exercise in patients with atrial fibrillation resulted in a 41% reduction in atrial fibrillation load. Another study in endurance athletes showed that prolonged high-intensity endurance exercise increased the incidence of atrial fibrillation fivefold. Such patients usually have predominantly paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with significant symptoms, along with structural changes such as cardiac enlargement and ventricular hypertrophy. Therefore, promoting moderate exercise may be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of atrial fibrillation.