The so-called nephrotic syndrome (three highs and one low) refers to: hypoalbuminemia (one low), hypercholesterolemia (two of the three highs) and high edema (three of the three highs) occurring on the basis of massive proteinuria (one of the three highs); those who can find the cause (such as IgA nephropathy, systemic lupus erythematosus, purpura nephritis, etc.) are called secondary nephrotic syndrome; those who cannot find the cause are called primary or idiopathic Nephrotic syndrome, commonly referred to as nephrotic syndrome, is the latter. The similarities between nephrotic syndrome in children and adults: 1. The definition of nephrotic syndrome is the same; 2. They are both immune damage to glomerular epithelial cells, i.e., podocytes, in terms of pathogenesis, and the extent and degree of podocyte damage is positively correlated with the degree of proteinuria.