The concept of tension-free hernioplasty was first introduced by Lichtenstein, an American physician, in 1986. This method overcomes the disturbance of the normal tissue anatomy by traditional surgery (i.e., suture repair without patching), is well defined, and the surrounding tissue is tension-free after repair, hence the name “tension-free hernia repair”. At present, the commonly used hernia repair methods are flat-piece hernia repair and ring-filling hernia repair. Domestic development: Since Lichtenstein carried out hernia repair in 1986, there have been various surgical styles and improvements in surgical methods, but the traditional surgery still has a high recurrence rate (10%-15%); since 1997, tension-free hernia repair has been gradually promoted in China; in 1998, the efficacy of more than 3000 cases of tension-free hernia repair was reported, and the results showed that after surgery The results showed that the recurrence rate was <1% and <2% for recurrent hernia, which was significantly lower compared with traditional hernia repair. Surgical characteristics: Before the invention of tension-free hernia repair, hernia surgery in the world medical community was mainly performed by suturing, which simply means pulling the defective parts together and sewing them up. This procedure has been performed for more than 100 years, and we refer to this suture method as traditional hernia repair. It did once play a very important role in the treatment of hernia. However, in more than 100 years of medical practice, it has been found that this surgery has many disadvantages. One is pain, because the operation involves forcing the muscles around the defect to be sewn up, so there is pain during and after the operation. Some patients cannot even straighten their backs after surgery; in addition, this kind of suture surgery has a long recovery time after surgery, which requires three days of bed rest and at least three weeks of hospitalization, and cannot engage in heavy physical labor for three months after surgery. There is a bigger disadvantage of this surgery: high recurrence rate (10-15%). Especially in some elderly people, because of old age and physical weakness, after a period of time after the operation, if the abdominal pressure increases, such as stool, coughing, lifting heavy things, etc., the suture site can not withstand such pressure, and the suture is cracked again and recurs. Compared with traditional surgery, its advantages are obvious: (1) the surgery is simple and saves operating time, shortening more than 30min on average compared with traditional surgery; (2) due to the application of 3D mesh repair method, it replaces the overlapping sutures of tissues in traditional surgery and does not increase the tension of surrounding tissues, so there is no unbearable pain, pulling sensation and local bulge after surgery; (3) 3D mesh repair method is specific to the cause of hernia, and after repair The abdomen is flat after repair, which makes the human body feel more comfortable and will not move like other products, and reduces the local discomfort and nerve damage caused by mesh plugging etc. due to less suturing. (4) The 3D mesh base sheet can bring the same effective repair effect as the laparoscopic repair method, and it is a new repair method that integrates the advantages of various tension-free repair methods and addresses the causes of hernias. (5) The mesh has good histocompatibility and is resistant to infection.