With the progress of society, the improvement of people’s living standards and changes in lifestyle, diabetes and other non-communicable diseases have become the main diseases affecting human health. The global prevalence of diabetes is increasing, and the prevalence of diabetes in China has increased by nearly five times over the past 20 years, with a prevalence of 4.37% in 2002 and a total of more than 40 million people. According to WHO experts, diabetes will become an epidemic in developing countries such as China in the 21st century. Diabetes has a high incidence of complications, causing tissue and organ destruction, and is disabling and lethal, posing serious risks. It brings heavy economic burden and mental and psychological pressure to patients, families and society. Because of the complex genetic and environmental factors involved in the development of the disease, there is no “cure” yet. However, extensive research on the disease at home and abroad in the past 20 years has proved that a proper understanding of diabetes and scientific prevention and treatment can completely reduce the incidence of diabetes and prevent or reduce the complications of diabetes. First of all, early examination and early intervention of high-risk groups can achieve early prevention and early diagnosis. The following are high-risk groups for diabetes: family history of diabetes; those who have a history of delivering huge fetuses (i.e., babies born weighing >4 kg); those who have had a history of gestational diabetes; those who are obese (BMI >25); those with hypertension, hyperlipidemia or early-onset coronary heart disease; those who have had high blood sugar or positive urine sugar; those who are over 40 years old, with little physical activity, good nutritional status, heavy workload or mental stress; those who have westernized their lifestyles, moving from rural to urban areas, and from more physical activity to a sedentary lifestyle. Interventions include: preventing and correcting obesity; reasonable caloric intake; avoiding a high-fat diet; maintaining a reasonable body weight; viewing work and life stress correctly; avoiding or reducing the use of drugs that are detrimental to glucose metabolism; increasing exercise; combining work and rest and avoiding overwork; not smoking and drinking less; learning more and increasing knowledge of the basics of diabetes. Second, for patients with diagnosed diabetes should be early standardized treatment: understanding diabetes: do not care because there are no symptoms, can eat and sleep without suffering. Regular medication under the guidance of a doctor; regular monitoring of urine sugar and blood sugar; keeping a happy spirit and emotional stability; proper exercise: exercise can enhance physical fitness and resistance, and can also improve the body’s sensitivity to insulin, reducing the risk factors for heart disease; proper diet: diet therapy is the basic treatment for diabetic patients and should be adhered to for a long time. The choice and adjustment of medication: it is best to follow medical guidance, do not adjust the variety and amount of medication, do not listen to the social “prescription” or bad advertising; in addition, we must often pay attention to the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions: often test blood pressure, regular electrocardiogram, etc.. Finally, diabetic patients should often receive health education. The Diabetes Prevention and Control Center of our hospital is the promotion point of “China’s Diabetes Prevention and Control Guidelines” in Guangdong Province, which is set up in the northern part of Guangdong Province, and has various kinds of perfect specialized tests, which can accurately diagnose diabetes and its complications. We are obliged to provide long-term and systematic health education and rehabilitation courses, nutritional counseling, and mutual help and communication for diabetic patients. Through this way, many patients gain knowledge of prevention and treatment and encourage each other to fight against the disease together under the guidance of doctors and achieve satisfactory results.