Sore throat after cold and flu, rest and anti-inflammatory after a week or so, if there is a side of the tongue, pharynx, tonsils, ear root and the back of the jaw cut-like, needle-like, tear-like, burning-like, electric shock-like severe pain, persistent episodes of more than 3 months, beware of suffering from glossopharyngeal neuralgia. Characterized by paroxysmal pain, duration of a few seconds to a few minutes, intermittent with the normal, swallowing, talking, coughing or yawning can be triggered, the patient is very painful, often afraid to talk, swallow, cough, diet is suffering. Etiology: At present, the medical profession generally believes that the cause of the disease is due to the long-term compression of the blood vessels in the brain on the glossopharyngeal nerve, making the nerve demyelination caused by the afferent impulses of the glossopharyngeal nerve and the vagus nerve between the result of a “short circuit”. When there is a “short circuit” between the glossopharyngeal nerve and the vagus nerve, a slight stimulus can pass through the short circuit to the center, resulting in severe pain. Treatment: At present, the only method to cure the root cause and effectively treat the problem is “microvascular surgery decompression method”, in which the blood vessels compressing the glossopharyngeal nerve are pushed away, and then medical “Teflon” cotton is inserted between the nerve and blood vessels, thus effectively blocking the contact between the nerve and blood vessels. This effectively blocked the contact between the nerve and blood vessels, and the internal conduction disorder of the nerve was corrected, and the patient’s pain symptoms disappeared immediately after the surgery. Recently, a 71-year-old male patient was admitted to our department, who started to have pins and needles pain in the right side of the tongue root, pharynx and deep part of the ear canal more than 8 years before admission to the hospital, which was intermittent and recurring, and could be triggered by swallowing, speaking and coughing, each time lasting for about a few seconds, and then the pain could be relieved on its own. Oral carbamazepine 1 capsule treatment, there is still pain, and a large skin rash, carbamazepine allergy phenomenon, so stop the drug. In the last 2 months, the pain symptoms worsened, the frequency of attacks increased, the patient could not speak, afraid of swallowing, unable to eat. After detailed examination and evaluation, the patient was treated with microvascular decompression surgery. During the operation, a branch of the right anterior inferior cerebellar artery was found to be compressing the head end of the glossopharyngeal nerve. Based on the operator’s experience, he continued to probe downward and found that a branch of the right posterior inferior cerebellar artery was compressing the caudal end of the glossopharyngeal nerve, and then isolated the blood vessel from it and finished the operation after sufficient decompression. After the operation, the patient’s pain was completely relieved, and she began to eat and move normally on the second day. The family is very grateful and the patient will be discharged from the hospital after the wound heals and the stitches are removed.